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1、EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHY,What is a Philosophy of Education?,Philosophy of Education,Philosophy centers on three major questions. What are these? What is real? What is true? What is good and beautiful?,What is Philosophy? http:/ http:/ Philosophy,Love of wisdom; pursuit of wisdom Offers an avenue for s
2、erious inquiry into ideas, traditions, & ways of thinking Help develop new insights into educational problems Role is to examine critically the intellectual disputes & suggest different ways of viewing things,What is Content of Philosophy?,Activites Prescribing Speculation Analysis Synthesizing,Atti
3、tudes Self-awareness Comprehensiveness Penetration Flexibility,Body of content of Philosophy,Metaphysics what is real to youEpistemology how do we knowAxiology valuesEthics morality, behaviorAsthetics beauty, comfort,Everyday problem vs. Philosophical analysis of problem,Philosophical conflicts Look
4、 beyond the obvious = philosophical analysis,Assumption,Taken as true Example: If a student does well on the TAAS, ACT, SAT, etc., they are educated.,Hypothesis,A considered guess or hunch in regard to which some pertinent data are available; a trial answer to be tested.,Intuition,Instinct feel some
5、thing Low level gut feeling Based on past experiences,Theory,“A theory is an instrument, a guide to thought, not necessarily a guide to direct practice.” Richare Pratte, Contemporary Theories of Education (1971). Invites argument and counterargument Organize ideas for eventual practical activity,Pra
6、ctice,Provides raw materials and testing grounds. Experiences shared, critically analyzed for improvement, taken back into practice for testing Serves to expand theory and direct it toward new possibilities,Theory and Philosophy,What is the relationship between theory and philosophy? Is theory a set
7、 of assumptions? Explain Explain how questions such as why, what, how, etc. build a theoretical basis from which to operate.,Metaphysics,The view that reality exists beyond the observable world Conceived to be transcendental to humankinds sensory experience Beyond, independent of, superior to, & sep
8、arate from the world of experience,Metaphysics Resources; http:/ of Metaphysics,Cosmology-order in beinguniverse? Human? Teleology- final causes, end Theology study of God Anthropology study of humankind Ontology-existence, nature of being,Cosmology,Order in being Study of the origin, nature & devel
9、opment of the Universe Our picture of the order & priority of values in the structure of the Universe,More on Cosmology: http:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmology,Teleogy,Study of purpose of being Is there an end? Afterlife?,Fetus by: Leonardo da Vinci,Three Views Outline,Theology,Theological questions
10、How do I answer questions I have about God? Can God allow evil if he is good?,Examples of Theological Questions and answers if God were a computer programmer: http:/ views: Judeo-Christianhuman beings have worth & dignityFree will Scientific determined by our environmentNo free will,Ontology,Study o
11、f being Existence, nature What are the essential qualities of the human being? Value - priority,More on Ontology: http:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontology,Problems of metaphysics?,What does it mean “to be”? When does life begin? Is this a dream or reality? When does life end?,Reality vs. Appearance,Perc
12、eption Reliability of sense data,Referent vs. Symbol,Symbol = red Referent = what you think aboutLanguage is a catalogue of symbols,Static vs. Dynamic Culture,Characteristics of cultures Universals society agrees on these Specialties some people know Alternatives society disagrees on theseUniversals
13、 Alternatives = static Alternatives Universals = dynamic,Culture is static = subjects used for study are staticCulture is dynamic = subjects used to teach people to think,Epistemology,What is true? The nature of truth and knowledge The source of truth and knowledge,Quotes on Truth and Wisdom: http:/
14、 Education,Metaphysics deals with content Epistemology deals with instruction, strategy used to deliver content: direct instruction, cooperative learning, inquiry learning, etc.,Scientific Knowledge vs. Intuition,Knowledge - Truth Epistemological Is truth an absolute? Intuition - Gut feeling; you ju
15、st know; innate sense of knowing; information is immediate w/o any reasoning involved; react spontaneously w/o knowing why,Levels of Intuition,Simple Awareness Scientific Intuition Artistic Level Religious Intuition,Problems - Epistemology,Truth vs. truth Vicarious vs. Direct Learning Objective vs. Subjective Knowledge a priori vs. a posteriori,Truth vs. truth,Is there an absolute truth in the Universe? Are there absolutes? What are absolutes? Something that NEVER changes“T” Classical Phil Truth changes - small “t” Contemporary Phil,
