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1、人教版高中英语 系列优秀课件,The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,Lecture 1 Geography (2),English Speaking Countries ,Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊 Climate 气候,Wwhats for,III. Rivers and Lakes，Mountain 河流与湖泊,Ben Nev
2、is is the highest mountain in Britain (1,343m). 本尼维斯山为英国最高峰，海拔1,343米。,Ben Nevis, in Scotland, is the highest point in the British Isles,1. Rivers,a. Importance: Great ports (through river) to sea; Rivers to both European Continent and fishing grounds; Rivers (carry raw materials) to inland. b. River
3、s: Severn River (338 km): longest river; Thames River (336 km): second largest and most important (water transportation, Oxford site); River Clyde: most important river in Scotland.,a. Severn River is the longest river in Britain (338km). 塞文河是英国最长的河流。全长338公里。,The River Severn (Welsh: Afon Hafren, La
4、tin: Sabrina) is the longest river in Great Britain, at 220 miles (354 km). It rises at an altitude of 2,001 feet (610 m) on Plynlimon near Llanidloes, Powys, in the Cambrian Mountains of mid Wales.,布里斯托海峡（Bristol Channel）,b. Thames River is the second longest and most important river in Britain. (3
5、36km). 泰晤士河是英国第二大河，也是英国最重要的河。全长336公里。,c. River Clyde is the most important river in Scotland. 克莱德河是苏格兰最重要的河流。,Snowdonia is the highest mountain in Wales.（1,085m） 斯诺多尼亚是威尔士的最高点，海拔1,085米。,2. Lakes,a. Lough Neagh: largest lake in Britain (located in Northern Ireland). b. Lake District: One of the popul
6、ar tourist attractions in Britain; 15 lakes, the largest ones are Windermere, Ullswater, Derwentwater and Coniston Water; The home of the lake poets of 19th century: Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey.,a. Lough Neagh is the largest lake in Britain which is located in Northern Ireland. (396 square kil
7、ometres). 讷湖（内伊湖）是英国最大的湖，位于北爱尔兰。面积为396平方公里。,b. Lake District In England,IV. Climate 气候,1. Britains favorable climate 英国有利的气候条件: Britain has a maritime climate-winters are not too cold and summers are not too hot. It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. The temperature varies wit
8、hin a small range.,英国属于海洋性气候:冬季不过于寒冷，夏季不过于炎热。全年有稳定可靠的降雨量，气温变化幅度小。,Gulf Stream湾流,2.The factors influence the climate in Britain: 影响英国气候的因素:,1）The surrounding waters tend to balance the seasonal differences by heating up the land in winter and cooling it off in summer; 环绕四周的海水。冬天，海水可使岛内气温升高，夏天则使气温降低，从
9、而起到平衡季节温差的作用； 2)The prevailing south-west winds or the Westerlies blow over the country all the year round bringing warm and wet air in winter and keeping the temperatures moderate; 一年四季盛行的西南风和西风在冬季从大西洋带来温暖、潮湿的空气，使气温适宜； 3）The North Atlantic Drift passes the western coast of the British Isles and war
10、ms them. 北大西洋暖流经不列颠群岛西海岸，使气候变暖。,Greenwich Mean Time,世界闻名的英国天文台，现位于英国南海岸苏塞克郡的赫斯特蒙苏堡。格林威治天文台始建于1675年，位于英国首都伦敦的格林威治，第二次世界大战后迁往新址，但保留了“格林威治皇家天文台”的名称。1884年，经过这个天文台的子午线被确定为全球的时间和经度计量的标准参考子午线，也称为本初子午线，即零度经线。 格林威治天文台初建之时，目的在于精确地观测月球和恒星，帮助航海家确定经度。现在它已经发展为英国的一个综合性光学天文台。1999年12月28日，一种新的时间系统格林威治电子时间（GET）正式诞生，它将
11、为全球电子商务提供一个时间标准。而原有的格林威治时间（GMT）仍将保留，作为21世纪的世界标准时间。,3.Rainfall 降雨量:,Britain has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year. The average annual rainfall in Britain is over 1,000mm. There is a water surplus in the north and west, and a water deficit in the south and east. 英国全年降雨量稳定，平均降雨量超过100
12、0毫米。 英国北部、西部雨量过多，但是南部、东部有所缺乏。,In the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th, London was noted for its dense fogs and smogs. Following the deadly Great Smog of 1952, the Clean Air Act 1956 was passed, leading to the decline of such severe pollution in the capital.,The Great Sm
13、og (or “Big Smoke“) of London is the severe smog that affected the city during the period of Friday 5th to Tuesday 9th December 1952, and is acknowledged as the UKs worst air pollution event. Earlier reports suggested that 4000 died prematurely and 100,000 were made ill by the Great Smog, but more r
14、ecent research has shown that the number of smog-related deaths was underestimated and is now thought to be considerably higher around 12,000. The London Smog of 1952 is acknowledged as one of the most significant pollution episodes in history in terms of its impact on environmental research, govern
15、ment regulation, and public awareness of the relationship between air quality and health.,Britain WEATHER Instability & changeability,V. Major Cities,Edinburgh, capital of Scotland,Cardiff, capital of Wales,Scotland,Wales,London, capital of England,Belfast, capital ofNorthern Ireland,Dublin, capital
16、 of Republic of Ireland,London,Top: City of London skyline, Middle: Palace of Westminster, Bottom left: Tower Bridge, Bottom right: Tower of London.,London contains four World Heritage Sites: the Tower of London; the historic settlement of Greenwich; the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; and the site comp
17、rising the Palace of Westminster, Westminster Abbey and St. Margarets Church.,Her Majestys Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London (and historically as The Tower), is a historic fortress and scheduled monument in central London, England, on the north bank of the River Thames. It is located within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets and is separated from the eastern edge of the City of London by the open space known as Tower Hill. It is the oldest building used by the British government.,
