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1、基础写作训练,优化句子的常用方法,一、同位语手段,三、运用并列句,二、运用短语,四、运用复合句,2008年广东高考题,你很荣幸地成为2008北京奥运会的一名志愿者，负责编写奥运比赛项目的英语介绍。 【写作内容】 请根据以下中文提纲，编写射击项目的英语介绍： 背景：射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪末才发展成体育活动。 1896：第一次成为奥运项目 1904：中断 1928：中断,1932：重回奥运会 1968：第一次允许妇女参加奥运射击比赛 现状：稳步发展，1896年奥运会只有三项 射击项目，现今有17项。 【写作要求】 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。 【评分标准】 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇
2、章结构连贯。, Shooting, originated as a means of survival, developed into a sport only in the late 19th century. The sport , which first appeared in 1896, was ever suspended during the 1904 and 1928 Games. It was only four years before the sport returned to the Olympic. However, not until 1968 were women
3、first allowed to compete in the Olympic shooting. With the sport becoming more and more popular, it has grown steadily from just 3 shooting events at the 1896 Olympic Games to 17 today.,广东08高考基础写作范文：,句子表达有何亮点？,一、运用同位语,此方法多用于介绍人物、事物、产品、书名或地点等。 【例1】介绍事物： （2008） 射击最初只是生存工具，19世纪才发展成为一项体育运动。 Shooting, a
4、means of survival originally, developed into a sport only in the late 19th century.,【例2】介绍人物： （2009） 上周我们就中小学生近视问题采访了眼科医生王教授。 Last week, we had an interview with Professor Wang, an eye-doctor, concerning the issue of short-sightedness of the school children in China.,一、运用同位语,【例3】介绍书名：（2011） 书名： Batt
5、le Hymn of the Tiger Mother 作者： Amy Chua，美籍华人，耶鲁大学教授 中文版： 2011年初开始在中国销售 A book, Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother, written by Amy Chua, an American-Chinese, has been sold in China since the beginning of 2011.,1. Guangzhou is the capital of Guangdong Province. It is located in the middle of Guangdong P
6、rovince. It is the culture and economy center of Guangdong Province. Guangzhou, the capital and the culture and economy center of Guangdong Province, is located in the middle of Guangdong.,运用同位语合并句子,2. Zhang Hai is male. He is 23 years old. He graduated from Hunan Normal University last year. Zhang
7、Hai, male, 23 years old, graduated from Hunan Normal University last year.,运用同位语合并句子,1. 去年，我被邀请参加一个为“待援助的孩子”（Tuesday Child）举办的一个狂欢节（carnival），“待援助的孩子”是一个帮助艾滋患儿的组织。 Last year, I was invited to participate in a carnival for Tuesday Child, _.,运用同位语完成句子,an organization that helps children with AIDS,2. 离
8、2010年还有一个月时间，但孤星指南（the Lonely Planet）等不及宣布来年十大旅游城市排行榜，孤星指南是世界最畅销旅游指南杂志之一。 There is still more than one month to go before 2012. But the Lonely Planet, _ _ , cant wait to announce its top 10 cities to travel to in the coming year.,运用同位语完成句子,one of the worlds best-selling travel guides,1. 李敏是个女孩子，今年18
9、岁，她在光华中学学习，她是我的邻居也是我最好的朋友。 Li Min, a girl of 18, my neighbour and my best friend, is studying in Guanghua Middle School.,运用同位语翻译合并句子,2. 姓名：Steve Jobs 别名：苹果教父（godfather） 出生地：美国加州三藩市 出生日期：1955年2月24日 逝世日期：2011年10月5日 Steve Jobs, the godfather of Apple, was born in San Francisco, California, the USA on F
10、ebruary 24th, 1955 and passed away on October 5th, 2011.,运用同位语翻译合并句子,介词短语 非谓语动词短语：现在分词 过去分词 不定式短语,二、运用短语,介词短语常作状语。 【例4】我很惊讶，一切进展得那么顺利。 【一般】I was surprise. Everything went on very well. 【高级】To my surprise, everything went on well.,介词短语常作定语。 【例5】Waste water is making the river worse and worse. The was
11、te water is from a factory. The factory lies on the river. 【高级】Waste water from the factory on the river is making the river worse and worse.,1. Xiaxi Town is not big but beautiful. It has an area of about 8 square kilometers. Xiaxi Town, with an area of about 8 square kilometers, is not big but bea
12、utiful. 2. There is an old tower. The tower lies in the east of the town. There is a river behind the tower. In the east of the town lies an old tower, behind which there is a river.,运用介词短语合并句子,3. We started early. We wanted to enjoy the sunrise on the top of the tower. We started early (in order/ s
13、o as/in an effort) to enjoy /with the purpose (goal) of enjoying the sunrise on the top of the tower. 4. As soon as we got there, we began to take photos. On arriving there, we began to take photos.,5. A professor gave us a talk this morning. He came from Beijing University. He talked about how to l
14、earn English well. A professor from Beijing University gave us a talk about/on how to learn English well this morning. 6. He told us of his own interesting experiences of learning English. We laughed a lot. On hearing his own interesting experiences of learning English, we laughed a lot.,7. His talk
15、 lasted an hour. He asked us some questions. During the one-hour talk, he asked us some questions.,使用时请注意以下几点： 不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之后（一般情况下，尽量用不定式的主动式） ； 现在分词表主动，该动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或紧接着发生； 过去分词表被动，或表示该动词的动作在谓语动词动作之前发生，或者没有时间性； 现在分词的被动式表被动，与谓语动词的动作同时发生。,二、运用非谓语动词短语,【例6】故事是用简单的英语写的，很受英语初学者的欢迎。 【一般】The stories ar
16、e written in simple English. They are popular with English beginners. 【高级】Written in simple English, the stories are popular with English beginners.,二、运用非谓语动词短语,1. He is ill. He didnt go to school. Being ill, he didnt go to school. 2. Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest. It will be held on June 5. Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held on June 5.,
