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1、包头医学院公共卫生院本科生毕业论文包头医学院公共卫生院本科生毕业论文 题目：甲亢对孕题目：甲亢对孕 1616 天天母鼠母鼠心脏的影响心脏的影响姓姓 名：名： 学学 号：号： 专专 业：业：卫生检验卫生检验指导教师：指导教师： 实习单位：实习单位：包头市疾控包头市疾控包头医学院公共卫生学院2010 年 6 月 3 日目 录中文摘要及关键词3英文摘要及关键词4正文71 前言72 材料72.1 实验仪器72.2 实验试剂82.3 实验动物83 方法83.1 妊娠甲亢模型的建立83.2 取材 固定 包埋93.3 切片93.4 HE 染色93.5 Masson 染色 103.6 光镜观察及心肌细胞直径和
2、长度的测定 123.7 统计方法 124 结果 125 讨论 156 结论 177 致谢 178 参考文献 18 中 文 摘 要 目的：为研究妊娠期间甲状腺素对母鼠在孕 16 天对心脏的影响，本研究以实验动物大鼠为研究对象，选择孕 16 天进行研究。孕 16 天为大鼠心脏完全形成，心室完全分隔的时间。以探讨在孕 16 天，甲亢母鼠心脏发育情况。方法：采用经口灌胃甲状腺素片连续给药的方法 16 只 Wister 雌鼠实验性甲亢模型，另设 16 只作为对照组，对照组灌胃生理盐水，随机分组。甲亢的确认可以通过血清甲功 FT3,FT4的检测，取血要在不麻醉的条件下眶静脉取血约 3mL。模型组，对照组分
3、别与雄通鼠合笼，次日通过做阴道涂片的方法检查是否交配，交配的视为孕 0 天。对模型组孕鼠持续灌胃甲状腺素，对照组持续灌胃生理盐水 。选择孕 16 天母鼠对心脏进行研究，称量心脏重量，计算心脏/体重分数，检查有无外观畸形，取心脏组织进行 HE 染色和 masson 染色，观察在形态学水平对母鼠心脏有无影响。结果：症状及体征：对照组大鼠进食水情况、精神状态无明显变化。甲亢组大鼠饮食、饮水较对照组明显增加；大部分出现活动增加、惊恐躁动等，体重与同期对照组相比均显著减轻。甲状腺功能的测定：甲亢组的 FT3、FT4均较同期对照组显著升高(P0.01)，且随着病程的延长进行性升高。 心肌细胞的长度和直径：
4、甲亢组均较对照组显著增大（P0.05）心肌细胞静下观察：光镜下观察：对照组大鼠心肌纤维排列规则，结构清晰，心肌细胞之间排列紧密，细胞核致密，大小形状规则；甲亢组大鼠心肌细胞排列紊乱，心肌细胞肥大，细胞核明显增大松散，心肌纤维有断裂现象，分支增多，间隙增宽。结论：本实验通过连续经口灌胃给药的方法建立大鼠妊娠合并甲亢模型模型组灌胃后出现甲亢症状，同时甲状腺功能检查也符合甲亢的特点，并随着甲亢病程的进展，出现了心脏损伤，表现为心肌肥厚、心脏重量增加。随着甲亢病程的延长，心脏损伤进行性加重，通过动态观察心脏组织形态确定甲亢对心脏的影响。关关 键键 词词甲亢 心肌肥厚 组织切片 心脏损伤 镜下观察ABS
5、TRACTObjective: to study of thyroid hormone during pregnancy and fetal rats in pregnant females 16 days of cardiac effects, this study rats with experimental animals as the research object, the choice. Pregnancy 16 days Pregnant 16 days for rat heart fully formed, ventricular completely separate tim
6、e. In order to investigat e the 16 days, hyperthyroidism in pregnant females its fetal rats heart development situation. Methods: the stomach thyroxine by mouth filling method of continuous give medicine tablet Wister only 20 other sexually experimental hyperthyroidism model, as control group, a gro
7、up of 20 only infused stomach physiological saline, randomized. Hyperthyroidism confirmation can through FT3, FT4 serum armour of reactive power, take blood will test the conditions in orbit vein anesthesia 3mL take blood covenant. Model group, and the control group with male rat respectively throug
8、h the cage, through doing fits the method checks whether vaginal smear, mating, mating as pregnant 0 days. Continued to model group pregnant rat stomach thyroxine group and irrigation continued irrigation stomach saline. Choose 16 days of fetal rats pregnancy, heart, heart weight calculated weighing
9、 heart/weight scores, examined for exterior deformation, take heart tissue for HE dyeing and masson dyeing, observed in morphology level without influence on fetal rats. Results: 1 symptoms and signs: rat eating water control, mental state no change. Hyperthyroidism rats, food, drinking water is sig
10、nificantly increased; group Most showed activity increase, terrified restless, etc, weight compared with the control group were significantly reduce compared.2 the determination of thyroid function FT3, group, hyperthyroidism FT4 group which is the same significantly increased (P 0.01), and with the
11、 increase of progressive extension. 3 the length and diameter of myocardial cells than control group were: hyperthyroidism increase significantly (P 0.05)4 myocardial cell static under the observation: light-microscopy: healthy rats myocardial fibers arrangement rules, clarity and myocardial cells,
12、the nuclear density between closely spaced, size and shape rules; Hyperthyroidism rats, myocardial cells are arranged disorder, myocardial cell hypertrophy, nuclei increased inattentive, myocardial fibers have cracking phenomena, branch increased, widened clearance.Conclusion: these experiments thro
13、ugh continuous classics mouth filling dosing method to set up stomach rat pregnancy with hyperthyroidism model model group irrigation appeared after hyperthyroidism symptoms stomach, and thyroid function also accord with the characteristics of hyperthyroidism check, and with the progress of hyperthy
14、roidism, appeared to heart damage, performance for myocardial hypertrophy, heart weight increased. With the extension of hyperthyroidism, heart damage progressive aggravating, through dynamic observe heart to heart to determine organization forms. The influence of jia kang KEY WORDSHyperthyroidism M
15、yocardial hypertrophy biopsy Heart damage Microscopic observation 正正 文文1 前言： 甲状腺功能亢进症(简称甲亢)是指甲状腺处于持续高功能状态，成和释放过多的甲状腺素，由此产生如甲状腺毒症(甲毒)样临床综合征的结果。而育龄妇女是患甲状腺疾病尤其是甲状腺功能亢进症的高发人群1，妊娠合并甲亢发病率国内报道 0.020.1，国外报道0.05%-0.2%,但妊娠期甲亢属高危妊娠，是仅次于妊娠期糖尿病引起孕妇及胎儿病死率升高的主要原因，尤其是中、重度甲亢，妊娠期可发生诸多并发症，危及母儿身体健康2，未治疗的甲亢孕妇其早产、流产、致畸及新生儿低体重和新生儿病死率均
