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1、,Hand Play 手動翻頁,1,Presented by Eddie Lee 李常生 2013/2/21,2,Ieoh Ming Pei (born April 26, 1917), commonly known as I. M. Pei, is a Chinese American architect often called a master of modern architecture.1 Born in Canton (Guangzhou) and raised in Hong Kong and Shanghai, Pei drew inspiration at an early
2、age from the gardens at Suzhou. In 1935, he moved to the United States and enrolled in the University of Pennsylvanias architecture school, but quickly transferred to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was unhappy with the focus at both schools on Beaux-Arts architecture, and spent his fr
3、ee time researching emerging architects, especially Le Corbusier. After graduating, he joined the Harvard Graduate School of Design (GSD) and became friends with the Bauhaus architects Walter Gropius and Marcel Breuer. In 1939, he married Eileen Loo, who had introduced him to the GSD community. They
4、 have been married for over seventy years, and have four children, including architects C.C. “Didi“ Pei and L.C. “Sandi“ Pei.Pei spent ten years working with New York real estate magnate William Zeckendorf before establishing his own independent design firm that eventually became Pei Cobb Freed his
5、new stature led to his selection as chief architect for the John F. Kennedy Library in Massachusetts. He went on to design Dallas City Hall and the East Building of the National Gallery of Art.,3,He returned to China for the first time in 1974 to design a hotel at Fragrant Hills, and designed a skys
6、craper in Hong Kong for the Bank of China fifteen years later. In the early 1980s, Pei was the focus of controversy when he designed a glass-and-steel pyramid for the Muse du Louvre in Paris. He later returned to the world of the arts by designing the Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center in Dallas, th
7、e Miho Museum in Japan, the Suzhou Museum in Suzhou, and the Museum of Islamic Art in Qatar.Pei has won a wide variety of prizes and awards in the field of architecture, including the AIA Gold Medal in 1979, the first Praemium Imperiale for Architecture in 1989, and the Lifetime Achievement Award fr
8、om the Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum in 2003. In 1983, he won the Pritzker Prize, sometimes called the Nobel Prize of architecture.,4,Peis style is described as thoroughly modernist, with significant cubist themes.146 He is known for combining traditional architectural elements with progress
9、ive designs based on simple geometric patterns. As one critic writes: “Pei has been aptly described as combining a classical sense of form with a contemporary mastery of method.” In 2000, biographer Carter Wiseman called Pei “the most distinguished member of his Late-Modernist generation still in pr
10、actice”. At the same time, Pei himself rejects simple dichotomies of architectural trends. He once said: “The talk about modernism versus post-modernism is unimportant. Its a side issue. An individual building, the style in which it is going to be designed and built, is not that important. The impor
11、tant thing, really, is the community. How does it affect life?“Peis work is celebrated throughout the world of architecture. His colleague John Portman once told him: “Just once, Id like to do something like the East Building.” But this originality does not always bring large financial reward; as Pe
12、i replied to the successful architect: “Just once, Id like to make the kind of money you do.” His concepts, moreover, are too individualized and dependent on context to give rise to a particular school of design. Pei refers to his own “analytical approach“ when explaining the lack of a “Pei School“.
13、 “For me,“ he said, “the important distinction is between a stylistic approach to the design; and an analytical approach giving the process of due consideration to time, place, and purpose . My analytical approach requires a full understanding of the three essential elements . to arrive at an ideal
14、balance among them.“,5,In the words of his biographer, Pei has won “every award of any consequence in his art”, including the Arnold Brunner Award from the National Institute of Arts and Letters (1963), the Gold Medal for Architecture from the American Academy of Arts and Letters (1979), the AIA Gol
15、d Medal (1979), the first Praemium Imperiale for Architecture from the Japan Art Association (1989), the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Cooper-Hewitt, National Design Museum, and the 2010 Royal Gold Medal from the Royal Institute of British Architects. In 1983 he was awarded the Pritzker Prize,
16、 sometimes called the Nobel Prize of architecture. In its citation, the jury said: “Ieoh Ming Pei has given this century some of its most beautiful interior spaces and exterior forms . His versatility and skill in the use of materials approach the level of poetry.” The prize was accompanied by a US$
17、100,000 award, which Pei used to create a scholarship for Chinese students to study architecture in the US, on the condition that they return to China to work. In being awarded the 2003 Henry C. Turner Prize by the National Building Museum, then-museum board chair Carolyn Brody praised his impact on construction innovation: “His magnificent designs have challenged engineers to devise innovative structural solutions, and his exacting expectations for construction quality have encouraged contractors to achieve high standards.“,
