《人教版高中英语必修一第一单元语法课件(grammar 直接引语与间接引语 17张) 》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《人教版高中英语必修一第一单元语法课件(grammar 直接引语与间接引语 17张) （17页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、Direct Speech and Indirect Speech,Grammar,Concept,Direct Speech 直接引语 直接引述别人的原话；一般前后要加引号。 Indirect Speech 间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的话；不用引号。 间接引语多数情况下都构成宾语从句。,你说：“我以后要成为一个名人。”变人称 变标点你说你以后要成为一个名人。You said,“I will be somebody in the future.“变人称 变时态 变标点 You said you would be somebody in the future.,1.陈述句（Declarativ
2、e sentence）,直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，要用连词that引导（可省），从句的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语以及动词都要作相应的变化。 （1）人称的变化（“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”） “一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰,从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化。eg. She said, “My brother wants to go shopping with me.“She said her brother wanted to go shopping with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从
3、句中的主语是第二人称或被第二人称所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。 eg. He said to Tina,“Your cat is very cute.“He told Tina that her cat was very cute.,“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时,如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。,eg. Mr. Smith said, “Jack is a good worker.“ Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker. （2）时态
4、的变化（时态倒退原则） 注：如在直接引语变间接引语时，主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句的动词在时态方面做相应变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时，则从句的动词时态无需变化。 a.一般现在时一般过去时 eg. She said, “I miss my mom.“ She said she missed her mom.,eg.The boy said, “I am using a knife.“ The boy said he was using a knife. c.现在完成时过去完成时 eg. Tom said, “I have finished my work.“ Tom said he had
5、 finished his work. d.一般过去时过去完成时 eg. He said, “I lost my pen.“ He said he had lost his pen. e.过去完成时过去完成时不变 eg. She said, “I had gone to Beijing.“ She said she had gone to Beijing.,b.现在进行时过去进行时,f.一般将来时过去将来时 eg. Tina said, “He will go to see his friend.“Tina said he would go to see his friend. 注:在以下几种
6、情况下，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化： 直接引语是客观真理 eg. He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.“He said light travels much faster than sound. 直接引语是一般现在时，表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作 eg. He said, “I get up at six every morning.“He said he gets up at six every morning. 直接引语中的情态动词没有过去式（ought to/had better/used to.）或者已经是过去式（
7、could/should/would/might.） eg. Peter said, “You had better come here today.“ Peter said I had better come there that day.,(3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化,注：如果在当地转述，here不必改为there，动词come不必改为go; 如果在当天转述，yesterday,tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。,2.祈使句(Imperative sentence),直接引语如果是祈使句，变为间接引语时要根据主句的语气改为“tell/ask/order/beg.sb.
8、 (not) to do sth.“句型。 eg.She said to the children, “Dont make any noise.“ She told the children not to make any noise. 注意: 直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句, 变为间接引语时, 通常用: “suggest(建议)+动名词(v-ing)/从句” eg. He said, “Lets go to the movies.” He suggested going to the movies. 或 He suggested that we should go to the m
9、ovies.,3.疑问句（Interrogative sentence)转述疑问句是要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，句末用句号。 （1）反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句变间接引语时，谓语动词say或said要变为ask或asked,原问句变成由连词if或whether引导的宾语从句。 eg. He said,“Did you see her last night?“ He asked (me) whether I had seen her the night before. (2)特殊疑问句变间接引语改为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句eg.“What do you call your dairy
10、?“ Annes sister asked her. Annes sister asked her what she called her dairy.,Exercise,单项选择 1. He asked _ for the computer.A. did I pay how much B. I paid how muchC. how much did I pay D. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _.A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the
11、filmC. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film3. “Please close the window.” he said to me.He _ me _ the window.A. said to; to close B. told to; closingC. asked ; to close D. said to; please close,D,D,C,4. “I am a teacher.” Jack said. Jack said _.A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teach
12、erC. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _very naughty.A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy isC. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was6. “Youve already got well, havent you?” sh
13、e asked.She asked _.A. if I have already got well, hadnt youB. whether I had already got wellC. have I already got well D. had I already got well.,D,C,B,7. He said, “Dont do that again.” He _ me _ that again.A. said to ; not to do B. said to ; dont doC. told ; dont do D. told ; not to do8. He asked
14、, “ Are you a Party member or a League member?”He asked me _.A. am I a Party member or a League memberB. was I a Party member or a League memberC. if I was a Party member or a League memberD. whether was I a Party member or a League member.,D,C,9. He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _.A.
15、 how am I getting alongB. how are you getting alongC. how I was getting alongD. how was I getting along10. He asked me _ with me.A. what the matter is B. what the mater wasC. whats the matter D. what was the matter,D,C,.Change these sentences into indirect speech. I.“Ive got tired of looking at natu
16、re through dirty curtainsand dusty windows,“ Anne said to her father.Anne told her father she had got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows. 2.“Why did you go to bed so late last night?“ Father asked Anne. Father asked Anne why she had gone to bed so late the night before.,Homework 1.Finish off the related exercises in Workbook. 2.Review and grasp the rules of direct speech and indirect speech. 3.Repeat Annes story to your friend.,
