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1、,Lena Hansen Rocky Mountain Institute,Natural Capitalism,Rocky Mountain Institute,Kansas State University January 4, 2006,CAPITALISM:,The productive use of and reinvestment in capital.,But what is capital?,Moneyfinancial capital Goodsphysical or manufactured capital: buildings and equipment Peoplehu
2、man capital: culture and community Naturenatural capital: natural resources and ecosystem services,Water and Nutrient Cycling,Atmospheric and Ecological Stability,Pollination and Biodiversity,Topsoil and Biological Productivity,Assimilation and Detoxification of Societys Wastes,Without natural capit
3、al there is no life and therefore no economic activity,Valuing Nature: Insurance Example,Biosphere II,$200,000,000 and,no air,First Industrial Revolution,Result: productivity increase of 100X,Theory: People are scarce and nature is abundant increase labor productivity.,Next Industrial Revolution,Peo
4、ple are abundant and nature is scarce increase resource productivity.,The limits to future profits are,fish,not boats,Next Industrial Revolution,from each unit of resources.,4X, 10X, even 100X as much benefit,Edwin Land,“People who seem to have had a new idea have often just stopped having an old id
5、ea”,Four principles of natural capitalism,P1: Radically increase resource productivity,P2: Biomimicry: closed loops, no waste, no toxicity,P3: Shift to a solutions based economy: from product to service,P4: Reinvest in natural and human capital,P1: Radically increase resource productivity,Do more, b
6、etter, with less, for longer,What is radical resource efficiency?, Save 25,000,000 gallons per year at a manufacturing plant Increasing pumping efficiency of an industrial pumping loop from 95 to 7 hp Achieving a 29% reduction in electricity consumption (at equal production), a 45% drop in water usa
7、ge, and a 29% decrease in the emission of greenhouse gases.,Natural Capitalism: Radically Increase Resource Productivity Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,Old design mentality,Optimize each part in isolation (which pessimizes the system),Edwin Land,Invention is “ a sud
8、den cessation of stupidity”,Natural Capitalism: Radically Increase Resource Productivity Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,New design mentality,An example: Redesigning a standard (supposedly optimized) industrial pumping loop cut power from 95 to 7 hp (92%), cost less
9、to build, and worked better.,Natural Capitalism: Radically Increase Resource Productivity Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,No new technologies, just two design changes,Big pipes, small pumps (not the opposite) Lay out the pipes first, then the equipment (not the rever
10、se),Optimize the WHOLE system, and for multiple benefits,Once youve minimized flow, next minimize piping friction,1%,Boolean pipe layout,99%,Natural Capitalism: Radically Increase Resource Productivity Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,Old design mentality,Natural Capi
11、talism: Radically Increase Resource Productivity Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,New design mentality,Natural Capitalism: Radically Increase Resource Productivity Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,Rocky Mountain Institute experimental h
12、ouse & office,Grow bananas with no furnace at 40F,Compounding lossesor savings so start at the downstream end,End-use approach for system design,P2: Biomimicry,Closed loops, no waste, no toxicity,Nature as model, measure, and mentor,Nature as mentor,spider silk,Natural Capitalism: Biomimicry Rocky M
13、ountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,Three levels of biomimicry,Process: How is it made?,Natural Capitalism: Biomimicry Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,DesignTex,Upholstery edge trimmings: toxic waste,Of 8,000 tested, only 38 cloth treatment chem
14、icals were non-toxic,Natural Capitalism: Biomimicry Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,DesignTex,Natural cloth treated with the safe chemicals looked and felt better, lasted longer, and cost less,Natural Capitalism: Biomimicry Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & C
15、onsulting www.rmi.org,DesignTex,Swiss environmental inspectors found: effluent water was cleaner than the Swiss drinking water going in,Natural Capitalism: Biomimicry Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,Three levels of biomimicry,Design: How does it work?,Design: How doe
16、s it work?,How does nature stay cool? Termite mounds Low energy-intensive materials Passive air conditioning,Natural Capitalism: Biomimicry Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,Africa, Australia, and the Amazon,Natural Capitalism: Biomimicry Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI) Research & Consulting www.rmi.org,Harare, Zimbabwe,
