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1、Passive Voice 被动语态,英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者, 2. 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。,被动语态结构：,be + 过去分词(PP) + (by ),在改写中应注意： 1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语; 2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”; 3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。,表格：被动态基本结构,am/is/are done,was/were done,am/is/are being done,was/were being done,(shall/will/be going to) be done,w
2、ould be done,have/has been done,had been done,情态动词的被动语态,情态动词+ be + done must be done/mustnt be done should be done/ shouldnt be done can be done/ cant be done may be done/ might be done,Some people attacked the towers.S V OThe towers were attacked S Vby some people.,Oral practice-主动句改被动句,Oral practi
3、ce-1. Change each sentence into passive voice: A car knocked him down yesterday.These two kids plant trees every year3)We should protect the earth4)Well put on the play next Sunday,He was knocked down by a car yesterday,Trees are planted by these two kids every year.,The earth should be protected by
4、 us.,The play will be put on next Sunday.,几种特殊结构1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday2.We often hear him play the guitar,I was given a gift on my birthday A gift was given to me on my birthday.He is often heard to play the guitar 注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make, listen to, look at等动词/短语后作宾语补语的
5、不定式都不带to；但改成被动语态后必须带to。 Be seen to do, be made to do, be heard to do, be watched to do,We should take care of the old people . The old people should be taken care of.,1。动词 (表示主语的属性特征) + 副词 (well/ badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。,read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock, open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The
6、books _ wellA. were sold B. sellC. have sold D. are being soldThis kind of cloth _ easilyA. has washed B. was washedC. washes D. is washed,B,C,主动式表被动义,2.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。,difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable,light,heavy,safe,The fish is not fit _(eat) We find
7、English is hard _ (learn) The article is difficult _ (understand).,to eat,to learn,to understand,3.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。,I have a lot of homework _(do)Ill give him some books _ (read),to do,to read,表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。,4表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。 (look,sound
8、,feel,smell,taste, prove, appear,make,.) The steel feels cold,5 表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。 (begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.) The shop opens at 6 am. every day,表示主语的属性特征的动词+副词well/ badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义,6. 作“需要”讲的want/need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。Your jacket
9、 needs washing/ to be washed,The question,Quiz 1,Quiz 1 1. The steel _ coldA. is felt B. was feelingC. feels D. is being felt 2. His plan _ goodA. has sounded B. is soundingC. is sounded D. sounds,C,D,Quiz 2,Quiz 2 The shop _ at 6 am. every dayA. opens B. openedC. is opened D. is opening Work _ at 7
10、 pm. todayA. ends B. endedC. was ended D. had ended,A,B,The pen _ smoothlyA. was wrote B. writesC. has writing D. is written This coat _ easilyA. has washed B. was washedC. washes D. is washed,Quiz 3,B,C,Your jacket needs _(wash) The house requires _ (repair),Quiz 4,washing,repairing,The fish is not
11、 fit _(eat) We find English difficult _ (learn),Quiz 5,to eat,to learn,I have much homework _ (do) Ill give the boy some books _(read),Quiz 6,to do,to read,Correcting mistake,2.Correct the mistake(s) in each sentence if any: 1)Two boys hurt while playing a ball2)The singer lived in London until he w
12、as sending to university3)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted?,was sent,will last,were hurt,4)A fire was broken out last night5)He had to travel by bus as his car was damaged in an accident a few days before6)The large building that is now built will be a hospital,had been damaged,is no
13、w being built,broke out,7)Class is begun at 7:30 every day8)His plan is sounded good9)Your coat needs being washed,begins,sounds,to be washed / washing,1.An exhibition of paintings _ at the museum next week Aare to be held B. is to be held C. are holding Dwill hold,Multiple choice,B,2. Im sorry,sirY
14、our recorder isnt ready yetIt _ in the factoryis being repairedis repairedhas been repairedhasnt been repaired,A,3Every possible means _, but none _ successful A. has tried; has proved Btried; proves C. has been tried; proves D. is being tried; is proved,C,4The question he asked is hard _ A. for ans
15、werB. to answerCto be answeredD. answering,B,5In warm weather, fruit and meat _ longcannot be keptdont keepmustnt keepis not kept,A,6He received a telegram _: “Mother ill”Awritten B. readingC. saidD. writing,B,7. -Did you hand him the letter yesterday?-No, I _ to himbrought ittook ithad it sentcarried it,C,8Alice had a dress _ last week Amade B. make C. to be made D. to make,
