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1、2010高三英语总复习专项训练,单项选择题解题技巧,试题设计特点：,1.句子结构题 命题手段 (1)用问句、陈述句、倒装句使题干复杂，以避开考生熟悉的句子结构 Whom do you want to have_the parts of the car together? A.fix B.to fix C.fixing D.fixed,(还原：You want to have whom fix the parts of the car together ),(1)用问句、陈述句、倒装句使题干复杂，以避开考生熟悉的句子结构 (2).用从句、加插入语等分隔成分使句子结构复杂 .用省略的方法使句子结构
2、复杂 .用被动句使句子结构复杂 .用考生不太常见的句式使句子结构看起来有点陌生,试题设计特点：,2.词汇用法题 利用惯用法和习惯用语命题,以及把意思相同或相近的词或词组放在一起进行考查。 习语或固定搭配 请看以下例题: Weve missed the last bus, and Im afraid we have no _but to take a taxi.A. way B. alternative C. possibility D. selection,（have no alternative /choice but to do sth）,习语或固定搭配习语或固定搭配的确切含义句子的真实含
3、义词语的意义和用法题干对词语的要求搭配承上替代,试题设计特点：,3.语境推理题 利用上下文创设一个语境,字里行间隐含某些关键信息来命题 Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning.A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done,（NMET 2004 全国II）（答案C）,（改编） Has Sam finished his homework today? Yes. He _ it this morning.A. did B. has done C. wa
4、s doing D. had done(关键信息I have no idea和Yes),（答案A）,（经验：prefer doing sth to doing sth), 但这里用to be noticed 作目的状语.答案为A.,试题设计特点：,4.思维定势题 利用考生的思维定势（习惯性地遵循某一单一模式进行的思维）命题 The young lady prefers dressing up for a party to_by others.A.be noticed B.being noticed C.having been noticed D.have been noticed,Im sor
5、ry I cant help _ the floor of the classroom.A. sweeping B. swept C. to sweep D. to sweeping,（经验：cant help doing sth）答案为C.,试题设计特点：,5.情景交际题 利用英汉两种语言在表达上的差异和英语口语中的习惯表达进行命题 . - Excuse me, _? - Thats $35.76 altogether , madam. A. how much is the meal weve had B. but can I take your order C. could I have
6、the bill, please D. would you please take the money,分析:根据中国人的表达习惯，考生很可能会选择A，“我们一共吃了多少钱？”。但在英美文化中，往往会说“请结帐，好吗？”。正确答案 .,C,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,1.结构分析法为了增加试题的难度和灵活性，命题者通过插入语、倒装句、强调结构、从句套从句等形式使句子结构复杂化。因此，在做题时，要能准确分析句子结构，把握句子脉络。The place_ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_ the crossriver traffic is t
7、he heaviest.A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which,解析：本题综合考查了定语从句where引导的表语从句。依据句子结构分析，所缺第二空肯定是where引导的表语从句，又因定语从句逻辑上与should构成at the place, 故选 。,C,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,-Why does she always ask you for help? -There is no one else_, is there?A. who to turn to B. she can turn
8、 to C. for whom to turn D. for her to turn,解析：通过分析句子结构可以判断，所留空格为定语从句修饰先行词no one else，省略了关系代词whom。 项正好符合此要求。,B,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen.A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked,根据语法规则并由题意可知 为最佳答案。,B,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,2.结构简化法在一个较复杂的句子中，通过去掉插入语或附加的次要信息
9、部分，使句子结构简化，然后可迅速找出正确答案。_some of this juice-perhaps youll like it.A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Have tried,解析：去掉破折号后面的附加信息perhaps youll like it, 通过语境和结构分析便可看出本题是祈使句，故答案为 。,B,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,3.结构还原法高考中一些单项选择题的测试点本来十分简单，但为了增加试题的难度，命题者有意把题干复杂化，改成一个少见或陌生的结构。对于这类选择题，考生可以反其道而行之，把题干还原为自己熟悉的结构。这样，题目就会变得简单，答案就会
10、一目了然。具体来说，可采用以下几种方法。,（1）将倒装句改成陈述句 （2）将陈述句改为倒装句 （3）去掉从句或插入语 （4）将被动句改为主动句 （5）将省略句改为一个完整的句子 （6）将复合句改成简单句 （7）将疑问句改成陈述句 （8）将感叹句改成陈述句,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,Generally speaking,_ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken,解析：该句省略了the dru
11、g was, 补全后则为：the drug was taken according to the directions.答案选 。,B,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,Was it in 1969_ the American astronauts succeeded_ landing on the moon?A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in,解析：将这个句子转换成陈述句，即：It was in 1969 _the American astronauts succeeded_ landing on the moon. 这是一个强调句型,
12、故答案 正确。,D,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,-I havent heard from Henry for a long time. -What do you suppose_ to him?A. was happening B. to happen C. has happened D. had happened,解析：去掉本句中的插入语do you suppose, 原句则变为：What_ to him?很明显，该句是一个由what引导的特殊疑问句，句中缺少谓语动词。又从“I havent heard from Henry for a long time”可得到提示，答语应该用 ，故该题选
13、 。,C,现在完成时,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,4.语境分析法 这类题要求考生找到语境的切入点，认真、仔细地分析题干所提供的语境，然后确定正确答案。 -Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?-Sorry, I am not sure. But it_ be.A. might B. will C. must D. can,解析：通过对语境的分析可发现，“I am not sure”为解题的切入点。“不太有把握，无法确定”表示一种可能性，故选项 正确。,A,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,He kept looking at he
14、r, wondering whether he_ her somewhere.A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen,解析：本题考查过去完成时在具体情景中的使用。根据题干的语境暗示可知主导时态为一般过去时。现在分词短语wondering作伴随状语，其中whether又引导宾语从句，则从句的谓语动词应用过去完成时，表示动作发生在过去的过去。答案为 。,D,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,5.关键信息法对于有些题目来说，如果能找到题干中的关键信息，问题便可迎刃而解。-What are you doing when Tony phoned you?-I had ju
15、st finished my work and_ to take a shower. A. had started B. started C. have started D. was starting,解析：此句的关键信息为when Tony phoned you,它是时间标志。在此之前发生的表示“过去的过去”，用过去完成时，在此时间点正在发生的用过去进行时。答案为 。,D,高考英语单项选择题解题技巧,-Do you have anything_? - No, Im free.A. to do B. to be done C. doing D. do,解析：解此题的关键信息是No, Im free.答案为 . 如果将题干改成-Do you have anything _ ? -Oh, thank you, I can manage it myself.A. to do B. to be done C. doing D. do 答案又选哪个呢? 答案为 .,
