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1、情态动词 must, can, could, may, might 表推测的用法：情态动词中的must, can, could, may, might都表推测。其中must的可能性最大， can / could次之，may / might最小。具体用法如下：1. must的用法（1）表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他准是个美国人。（2）must 表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时，应用 cant,如询问某种可能时，应用ca
2、n 。He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。（一定）He cant know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。 （一定不）Can he know my address? 他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）（3）must 表示推测时，可以推测现在/ 正在发生的动作 / 过去发生的动作。He must have a car now. （现在）他一定有辆小汽车。He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。He must have finished the work.（过去
3、发生）他一定已完成了工作。注： must 表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。 一般不用 He must come tomorrow.可用 Its certain / Im sure that he will come tomorrow. （4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与 must 后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。He must be a worker, isnt he? （现在）他准时个工人，是吗？It must have rained last night, didnt it? （过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？ You must have
4、 learned English for many years, havent you? （完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？2. can / could的用法（1）can 表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。 Cant “一定不”，语气很肯定。 can 在疑问句中意思是“会、可能” 。He cant be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不在家。（2）can /cant后可接进行时 / 完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。They cant be reading in the library.
5、 他们一定不在图书馆读书。He cant have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago. 他不可能去了上海，我刚才还看见他。Its so late. Where can she have gone? 天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？（3）在反意疑问句中， 当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的cant时，疑问部分的助动词应与 cant后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致. He cant be a teacher, is he? 他不是教师，是吗？She cant have finished her homework, has she? 她一定没有完成家庭
6、作业，是不是？（4）could可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。Dont eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它，可能有毒。The plane could be delayed by fog. 飞机可能会因为雾晚点。（5）could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus station? Could you help me? （6）couldnt表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。It couldnt possibly be
7、poison. 这不可能是毒药。注：有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性。You couldnt be more wrong. 你真是大错特错。I couldnt be happier. 我简直是幸福极了。3. may和 might的用法（1） may, might表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“可能”、“也许”，语气没有 must肯定。He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American. 他可能是个美国人。注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may 更委婉，表示的可能性更小。（2）m
8、ay, might表推测时，可以用于否定句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。He may / might not be at home. 他也许不在家。（3）may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。He may / might be sleeping now. （现在）他可能正在睡觉。The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. （现在）这个男孩可能没在家看电视These students may / might have seen the film before.（过去）这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。（4）m
9、ay, might还可以推测将来的情况。I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain. 我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。She might not come this afternoon. 她今天下午可能不来了。情态动词和虚拟语气练习40 题从 A、B、 C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Are you in a hurry？No， in fact I ve got plenty of time. I _ wait. A.must B.need C.may D.should 2.Someone is knock
10、ing at the door. _ it be Venis？No， it _ be her； she left for New York this morning. A.Can； mustntB.Might ； can t C.May；doesntD.Can； can t3.He didn t agree with me at first ，but I _ persuade him to sign the agreement later. A.could B.might C.should D.was able to 4.Is there a movie on in the cinema to
11、night？There_ be. I will phone the cinema and find it out. A.might B.should C.can D.could 5.You _ be careful when you cross here the traffic lights aren t working.A.can B.ought to C.might D.may 6.You _ out last night. I called you several times， but nobody answered. A.must have been B.must be C.might
12、 have been D.could be 7.You _ fail to pass the entrance examination if you don t study harder.A.shall B.could C.must D.should 8.When I was studying at Beijing University， I _ take a walk along the lake every evening. A.will B.would C.could D.shall 9.The party turned out to be a failure. I would rath
13、er _ it. A.not have attended B.not attend C.not to attend D.not to have attended 10.Sir ， you _ be sitting in this seat. It is for women or children only. A.cantB.oughtn t toC.wontD.neednt11.Shall I tell Li Ming about the matter？No，you _ . He has known about it already. A.oughtn t toB.needntC.should
14、ntD.mustnt12.Must I take a bus？No，you _ . You can walk there. A.must not B.dontC.don t have toD.had better not to 13.Why do you make me do so？I am sorry that you _ do such a thing. A.would B.can C.should D.may 14.Will you stay for lunch？Sorry ， I _ . My brother is coming to see me. A.mustnt B.cantC.
15、neednt D.wont15.What would have happened _ ， as far as the riverbank？A.if Bob has walked farther B.if Bob should walk farther C.had Bob walked farther D.should Bob walk farther 16.Oh ，Jane ， you ve broken another glass. You ought _ when you washed it. A.be careful B.to care C.have cared D.to have been careful 17.It s high time we _ to the theater.A.will go B.s
