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1、中考复习,宾语从句,宾语从句课件目录一、基本概念 二、主要类型 1.由代词或者副词引导 2.由连词wheather和if引导 3.由that引导 三、注意情况 1.引导词 2.语句顺序 3.时态变化 4.标点符号 5.否定形式 6.特殊情形 四、巩固练习 五、补充材料课件说明 作者资料 图片欣赏(21),简单的说 , 宾语从句就是一个或是几个从句 充当主句中的宾语成分。说明白了吗？,?,宾语从句的类型1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： He said (that) he wanted to stay at home. Sh
2、e doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 注意:在某些句型中，特别是带复合宾语的句子中，that 引导的从句常常移到后面去，前面用一个 it 作形式上的宾语。(但是，有时 it 也可以省略） e.g We all thought it a pity that she couldnt come . I took his word for it that he would try his best to help us .（他说他要想一切办法帮我们，我相信他说的是真话。） I take
3、it that we are to leave early .（我想我们动身是会很早的。）,2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?He asked whose handwriting was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is
4、late.3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.,主要类型之三由that引导 ：（ 在口语或非正式文体中常省略 ） e.g He knew ( that ) he should work hard . He said ( that ) he would like to see the Headmaster . 注意：在某些句型中，特别是带复合宾语的句子中，that 引导的
5、从句常常移到后面去，前面用一个 it 作形式上的宾语。(但是，有时 it 也可以省略） e.g We all thought it a pity that she couldnt come . I took his word for it that he would try his best to help us .（他说他要想一切办法帮我们，我相信他说的是真话。） I take it that we are to leave early .（我想我们动身是会很早的。）,注意情况之一引导词 ： 1.由陈述句变来的宾语从句，用连词 that 等引导，并且在口语中常常省略此词： e.g He sa
6、id （ that ）he had a new dictionary . I know ( that ) Lucy can play football very well . 但是，如果 that 引导的是几个表示并列关系的宾语从句时，最后一个 that 不能省略。 e.g I know ( that ) Tom comes from France and that he teaches in Guilin now .,2.由一般疑问句转换而来的宾语从句，用 whether 或 if 引导，并且两词可以互用。但是 whether 可以和 or not 连用，而 if 不能。 e.g I wan
7、t to know whether ( if ) she still lives there. Please tell me whether you can come or not . 3.由特殊疑问句变来的宾语从句，由特殊疑问词 who 、 whom 、 whose 、 which 、when 、 where 、 why 、 how 等引导 。 e.g I dont know whose book it is . The teacher asked what was happening . Do you know where our English teacher lives ? He wa
8、nted to know why you can play the piano so well .,注意情况之二语句的顺序 ： 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。 e.g : Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ? He asked him where he came from . Did you know whats the name of the handsome boy in the classroom yesterday？ Please tell me wh
9、ere I can buy the beautiful flower .,注意情况之三时态的变化 1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。 e.g I hear ( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice . I hear ( that ) she will come tomorrow . I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago . I hear ( that ) he is interested in English .,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语
10、从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。 e.g He said ( that ) he would go to Xian . He said ( that ) he was ill yesterday . He said ( that ) he was reading a book . He said ( that ) he had had supper already . 3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。 e.g He said that the sun is much bigger tha
11、n the moon . The teacher told the students that no news is good news . The PE teacher said that doing morning exercise is useful to our health .,注意情况之四标点符号 ： 宾语从句末尾的标点符号由主句决定，不受从句的限制。如果主句是陈述句或者是祈使句时用句号；而主句是疑问句时，句末则用问号。 e.g He asked me if / whether I could help him .Do you know where Li Ping is ? Ple
12、ase tell me what color you like best . Would you please tell the teacher how old you are ?,注意情况之五宾语从句的否定形式 ： 一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是 think 、 expect 、 believe 、 guess 、 imagine 、 suppose 等表示“认为，猜想”的心里活动的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中，即否定提前 e.g I dont think its going to rain . I dont believe she
13、will lend you the money . 但是，如果主句中的谓语动词是 hope ，则不适用于此规则。 e.g I hope he wont come .,注意情况之六宾语从句中的特殊情形 ： 在把简单句变为复合句的练习中，千万要注意： 1.句式的转变：若原句是祈使句，不能用宾语从句改写，而应该用 “ ask sb. to do sth. ” 的句式。 e.g Dont open the door . （用 they 作主语变为宾语从句） They ask not to open the door .2.代词的变化：如果将某人的原话变为宾语从句时，我们就应该考虑代词的变化。,e.g
14、“ I come from Canada ” , Lucy says . Lucy says that she comes from Canada . 3.若由一般疑问句或特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，应该用陈述句语序。具体如下：当助动词是 does 或 did 时，要去掉助动词，并把动词恢复为第三人称单数形式或过去式；当是其它的助动词时，则要把这些助动词放在主语的后面。 e.g I asked Tom , “ What do you like best ? ” I asked Tom what he liked best . The teacher asked me : “ Have you read the book ? ” The teacher asked me if I have read the book . He asked , “ Who can carry the box ? ” He asked who could carry the box .,专 项 训 练,1、Do you know how much hot water _ ?,AMum is needed,Bdoes Mum need,CMum needs,Ddid Mum need,你答错了，再试试吧！,
