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1、1.1 名词职业类名词Doctor teacher farmer driver policeman Reporter engineer 疾病类名词Cold headache toothache fever cough 食品类名词Bread rice noodle juice tea sandwich 抽象类名词Weight courage progress success trouble truth memory 其它常考名词Mistake problem activity decision question 1.2.1 可数名词变复数形式一般情况下加s Book-books eye-eyes
2、 doctor-doctors 以 x,s,ch,sh 结尾的词，在词尾加es Bus-buses watch-watches box-boxes brush-brushes(刷子 ) 以辅音字母加y 结尾的词， 改 y 为 i 再加 es City-cities 以 f fe 结尾的词，变f fe 为 v 再加 es Leaf-leaves wife-wives wolf-wolves 1.2.2 可数名词变复数时的不规则变化1.只改变其元音字母Man-men woman-women Foot-feet tooth-teeth 2.单复同行Sheep-sheep deer-deer fish
3、-fish 3.其它特殊的变化Child-children mouse-mice 4.国家Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese American-Americans Australian-Australian German-Germans 注：名词作定语修饰名词时，只用将后面被修饰的名词变为复数即可如： two basketball heroes two apple trees 但如果定语是man 或 woman, 则变为 two men doctors (两个同时变复数) 例1.Each couple in China can have two _d_from
4、January 1st,2016 A boy B. girl C. child D. children 例2.My English teacher gave me some _a_ on learning English. A.advice B. message C. way D. notebook 2.所有格2.1 名词所有格在有生命的名词后面加 s My fathers jobmy sisters clothes 以 s 结尾的复数形式后面加Teachers dayMy parents photo如果复数形式不以s 结尾，也要加s Childrens day Womens day2.2of
5、 结构所有格无生命的所有格形式要用of 结构来表示a map of world the end of this passage the capital of our country 2.3 双重所有格1.表示二者一起拥有A+B s This is Susan and Amys room.2.分别拥有A s+BsThese are Susans and Amy s room.Eg.3 I live near the station, Its only about five _d_ walk. A.minute B. minutes C. minutes D. minutesEg.4 _b_ fa
6、ther cant go to the class meeting because they have gone to Canada.A.Jack and Tom B. Jack and Toms C. Jack s and Tom s D. Jack s and Tom 3.代词3.1 人称代词单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称I Me we us 第二人称you you you you 第三人称she her they them he him it it （主格通常作为句子的主语，宾格通常作为句子的宾语）Iam happy.(I作为句子主语) Pleause tell him to go t
7、o school in time.(him作为句子宾语) Eg.5 Animals are our friends so we should help _live in peace. A.them B.it C. they D. we eg.6 My mother is a doctor. _ likes her job very much. A.Her B. She C. Him D. He 3.2 物主代词单数复数形容词性名词性形容词性名词性第一人称my mine our ours 第二人称your yours your your 第三人称his his their theirs her
8、her its Its (形容词性物主代词+名词 =名词性物主代词例： Do the book is yours? -yes, this is my book. =yes, this is mine.) Eg.7 I m old enough to wash_clothes by myself. You can just wash _.A.my; yours. B. my; your C. mine; yours D. me; your Eg.8 -Mike, can I borrow your dictonary? I lost _ yesterday. -Sure, here you ar
9、e. A. mine B. my C. me D. yours 3.3 反身代词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myself yourself Himself herself itself 复数ourselves yourself themselves Eg.9 He was proud of _ after the swimming competition last Saturday. (he) 3.4 指示代词单数复数用法This 这，这个these 这些指代说话近的人或物That 那，那个Those 那些指代说话远的人或物一般疑问句的回答：-Is this/that?-Yes, it is.
10、 -Are there/those?-Yes, they are. 在电话用语中，要用that 代指“你”，用 this 代指“我”-Hello, this is Vicky. Who is that speaking? -This is Tony. Eg.9 Bob, can you see the boy over there? _c_ are my cousins. A.They B. These C. Those D. Them 3.5it 的用法1.代指上文中提到的this 或 that -Is this is Mikes pencil?-Yes, it is. 2.代指抽象事物-Y
11、ou help me a lot.I shall never forget it. 3.代指婴儿或身份未知的人。Someone is knocking on the door. Lets go to see who it is.4.代指天气、距离、时间等Its long time since they left.5.作形式主语或形式宾语I found it boring to watch TV. It is easier for you to turn the light on. it one that 的区别it 表特指，指上文中提到的同一事物-Your digital watch is q
12、uite nice. Where did you buy it ？ Iwant to buy one, too. one 表泛指，指代前面提到的同类事物中的一个，同类不同物-I cant find the magazine I bought this morning. -Well, Jack is reading one over there. Why not go to see if it is yours? that 多用于比较级than 后，为了避免重复，用that 指代前面提到的人或物The umbrella you bought is cheaper than that I boug
13、ht. Eg.10 I want a book for a long time, but mom have not time to buy _a_ for me . A.one B.it C. that D. this Eg.11 -Do you see my watch?I lost _ in the classroom yesterday. -Not, I dont.A.one B.it C. that D. this Eg.12 The books sold in bookstore is more expensive than _ sold in Internet. A.one B.i
14、t C. that D. this 3.5 常考的易混的不定代词some some 肯定句Id like some drink.any any 否定句与疑问句I don t want any drink.（表示邀请、要求、请求或期待得到肯定回答的疑问句中要用some ）Would you like some tea? many many + C many flowers much much+u much homework Few A few Little A little 1.few /a few + C Little/a little+u 2.a few/a little 肯定句Few/li
15、ttle 否定句Both Both - 两者都（常与 and 连用）Both he and I will go to the camp this holiday. all All-三者或三者以上的都All the students of our classroom got a good score in this test. either Either- 两者中的任何一个（either or 或）Either of them can do this work well. Either you or she will go to Japan. neither Neither- 两者都不(neit
16、her nor 既不也不)He answered neither of the letters. Neither he nor I am well educated. none None- 三者或三者以上的都不None of the class want to go hiking. other Other+u/c Other pencils other students other tea The other 特指两者中的另一个One the otherWe will have two family parties this year. One is in May and the other is in July. another 三者或三者以上的另一个This dress is dirty, pleause change another one for me. others Others=other+
