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1、成考英语从句复习 专题四,表语从句 （Predicative Clauses） & 倒装句（Inverted Sentence）,表语从句,What is 表语从句？表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词（比如分词）或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。 如：The problem is puzzling. （这个问题令人困惑。） The problem is when we can get a pay rise. （问题是什么时候我们可以得到加薪。）,B. 用法：结构： “主语+系动词+连接词+表语从句”可连接表语从句的系动词有：be
2、( being, been, am, are, is, was, were)feel, seem, look, appear, sound, taste, smellstand, stay, remain, lie, keepbecome, get, grow, turn, go, come, run, fallprove, turn out可连接表语从句的连接词有：that, what, who, when, where, which, why,whether,how,whether, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever等,例句：He has bec
3、ome what he wanted to be ten years ago. （他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。）She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour. （她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。） His suggestion is that we should stay calm. （他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。）The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. （问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。）The policemen couldnt prove whether thi
4、s man had killed his wife.（警察们不能证明这名男子是否杀害了他的妻子。）The problem is how I can persuade her to join us in the party.（问题是，我如何劝服她参加我们的派对。）,C. 需注意的问题： 1）表语从句一定要用陈述语序The question is when can he arrive at the hotel. （）The question is when he can arrive at the hotel. （） 2）不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）The q
5、uestion is if the enemy is marching towards us. （）The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us. （）It looked as if he had understood this question. （） 3）与宾语从句不同的是，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。 The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow. The question is why he cried yesterda
6、y. 4）与宾语从句不同的是，that在表语从句中不可以省掉,1. The traditional view is _ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. A. when B. why C. whether D. that 2. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. which D. how 3. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show
7、last week. Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where 4. Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? Oh, thats _. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited,Quiz Time,D,B,A,A,倒装句,What is 倒装句？为了强调、突出等目的而颠倒原有语序的
8、句式叫做倒装句。在倒装句中，颠倒了的成分可以恢复原位而句意基本不变，句法成分不变。 B. 分类：完全倒装:是指将句子中的谓语全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。e.g. Here comes the bus. （公车来了。）部分倒装:指将谓语的一部分如助动词（have, has, had）或情态动词（must, may, can等）倒装至主语之前,而谓语动词无变化。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。e.g. Not until yesterday did little John change his mind.
9、（小约翰直到昨天才改变了主意。）,C. 用法： 表示强调 1）only +状语或状语从句置于句首,句子用部分倒装。如：Only in this way can you solve this problem. （只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。）Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake. （只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。）2）hardly, in no way, little, scarcely, seldom, never, no more, no lo
10、nger, not, not only, no sooner, not only (but also), not until 等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。 如：No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. （我刚到家就下起了雨。）Seldom do I go to work by bus. （我很少乘公共汽车上班。） Not until twelve oclock did she go to bed last night . （她昨晚十二点才上床睡觉。）,3）so / such.that结构中的so或such位于句首可以构
11、成部分倒装句,表示强调so /such和that之间的部分。如：So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. （他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。） To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. （她的彩排进行得那么长,以致于那两个演员都走出去了。）4）某些句子由here、there、now、then、thus等副词开头的，可构成完全倒装。条件是谓语动词是不及物动词，如arise、be、come、exist、go、follow等。 如
12、： Here comes our headmaster。（我们的校长来了。）Here it is. （在这里。） Here is your key. （这是你的钥匙。）There comes the bus. （公交车来了。）, 承上启下为了避免句子部分内容不必要的重复，常用“so/ neither/ nor + be动词（助动词、情态动词）+主语” 的倒装句式。如：A:His brother is（not） a college student.B:So is mine. (Nor is mine .) A:他弟弟（不）是大学生。B:我弟弟也是。（我弟弟也不是。）A:He used to (d
13、idnt use to) have his further study abroad.B:So did I. (Neither did I.) A:他曾去国外深造过。B:我也去过。（我也没有。）A:One of my friends can (not) speak three foreign languages. B:So can his wife. (Neither can his wife .) A:我的一个朋友会说三门外国语。B:他的妻子也会。（他的妻子也不会。）, 使描写生动有时为了使叙述或描绘更加生动形象,增加语言效果,可将表示方向的副词(如:down, up, out, in, o
14、ff, on, away等)或拟声词(bang, crack等)置于句首,句子采用完全倒装的语序(主语为人称代词的句子除外)，如：Up went the rocket into the air. （嗖地一声火箭就飞上天了。） Down jumped the criminal from the third floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. （当警察把手枪瞄准那个罪犯时,嘭地一下他就从三楼跳了下去。） Boom went the cannon! （轰隆一声大炮开火了!） Bang came another shot! （砰!又是
15、一声枪响! ）,1. Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is.A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 2. No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily.A. the game began B.has the game begunC. did the game begin D.had the game begun 3. -Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?-I dont know, _.A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neither D. I dont care also 4. So _ that no fish can live in it.A. the lake is shallow B. shallow the lake isC. shallow is the lake D. is the lake shallow,Quiz Time,D,D,B,B,Thank you,
