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1、,情态动词 modal verbs,1.-Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (2002高考题）A. must B. can C. need D. may 2.It has been announced that candidates(候选人)_ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. (2002上海高考题）A. can B.will C. may D. shall 3.-I heard t
2、hey went skiing in the mountains last winter. (2002北京高考题）-It _ true because there was little snow there.A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be,请把下列词语组合成句:,1. _, ( play, interesting, must, be, new, the ) for the director is so famous. 2. See how happy he is today! _.( failed, he, cant, i
3、n, the, have, exam ) 3. Peter isnt in the classroom. _.( may, playing, he, with, be, his, basketball,friends ),The new play must be interesting,He cant have failed in the exam,He may be playing basketball with his friends,1. I dont know where she is, she _ be in Wuhan.2. At this moment, our teacher
4、_our exam papers.这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3. The road is wet. It _ last night.(rain)4. Your mother _ for you.你妈妈一定一直在找你。,may,must be marking,must have rained,must have been looking,5. Philip _ seriously inthe car accident. 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤. 6. -Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here.-She _ (go) by
5、 bus. 7. Mike _ his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。,may (might) have been hurt,may (might) have gone,cant have found,考纲解读,每年的高考英语的单选题(15个)中就有一、二个是对情态动词和虚拟语气的测试。试题的特征不会有显著变化，即：立意仍将不偏不怪，情景仍将逼近真实，设问角度仍将综合化和细微化。情态动词重点情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”
6、，情态动词表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。,返回目录,知识要点,情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度，可以表示“可能”、“可以”、“需要”、“必须”或“应当”等之意。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。不能单独作谓语动词用，必须和动词原形构成谓语。只有情态动词ought要和带to的动词不定式连用，在句中作谓语用。,返回目录,情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。 We can be there on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。 May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗？ Sha
7、ll we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗？ You must obey the school rules. 你必须遵守校规。 情态动词数量不多，但用途广泛，主要有下列： can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will(would) .,情 态 动 词 的 位 置,情态动词在句中放在谓语动词之前，谓语动词前若有助动词，则在助动词之前，疑问句中， 情态动词放在主语之前。 I can see you. Come here. 我能看见你，过来吧。 He must have b
8、een away. 他一定走了。 What can I do for you? 你要什么？ How dare you treat us like that! 你怎么敢那样对待我们!,情 态 动 词 的 特 点,情态动词无人称和数的变化，情态动词后面跟的动词需用原形，否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式可以用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或将来。 He could be here soon. 他很快就来。 We cant carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 Im sorry I cant help
9、 you. 对不起，我帮不上你。,must , can/could, may/might 的用法,must,1.must 表示推测时， 只能用于肯定句。,e.g.这个电脑肯定出了问题。,There must be something wrong with the computer.,你努力学了一整天， 一定累了吧,You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.,must , can/could, may/might 的用法,注意：must用于肯定句中可表示“偏偏”。 Naturally, after I told her what to do,
10、 my daughter must go and do the opposite. 自然地，在我交代女儿做什么之后，她偏偏要做相反的事情.,2.must +be doing/do 表示对现在的动作进行肯定推测,e.g.他现在一定在看小说.,He must be reading novels now.,他们买了一辆新车。 他们一定很有钱.,They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money.,3.must +have done 表示对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断,e.g.他们在玩篮球， 他们一定完成了作业。,They are pla
11、ying basketball, they must have finished their homework.,路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。,The road is wet. It must have rained last night.,对现在或将来情况推测：must +动词原形。 must只能用于肯定。否定和疑问分别用cant和can。 e.g. He must tell a lie. Can he tell a lie ?He cant tell a lie. *must-should/ought to may-might/could+do 可能性依次减弱,(对过去情况推测：must
12、 may, might)+完成时。 e.g. You must have met him before.mustmaymight可能性依次减弱 must只能用于肯定句，译成“一定”。否定和疑问分别用cant / couldnt和can / could。 e.g. Could /Can it have happened last night ? It couldnt/cant have happened last night.,He must be reading, isnt he? You must do it yourself, dont you? He must have gone ove
13、r the article, hasnt he? It must have rained last night, didnt it?,表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成,must 和have to,1.must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must否定式用 neednt或dont have to，做 “不必”,mustnt表示“禁止，不允许”,e.g. Must I finish all assignments at a time?,Yes, you must.No, you neednt.,You mustnt get off while the car is still moving.,e.g. I
14、 dont like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.,2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must 和have to 稍有区别。must着重说明主观看法，have to 强调客观需要。另外，have to 能用于更多时态。,have to,have to 表示客观需要去做的事情，意为“必须，不得不。” e.g. I have to get the station early to catch the first train.We missed the bus so we
15、had to walk home.We have to overcome all kinds of difficulties.,have to 有多种时态。常见的有: 一般将来时 We will have to gather at the school gate at 7 tomorrow. 一般现在时 I have to take more money with me because my wife has so much to buy. 一般过去时 Finally, we had to give up our idea to hold a picnic outside as it rained for a whole afternoon.,
