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1、2015 职称英语职称英语 综合综合 B 阅读理解原文与译文阅读理解原文与译文 新版教材新版教材王霞老师提示：阅读理解是职称英语考试的关键得分点，可谓王霞老师提示：阅读理解是职称英语考试的关键得分点，可谓“得阅读者得天得阅读者得天下下”。在新形势下，唯有踏踏实实的去读、去掌握这些教材内的材料，提高阅读速度，。在新形势下，唯有踏踏实实的去读、去掌握这些教材内的材料，提高阅读速度，培养阅读能力，才是最应该做的事情。建议考生熟读以下文章，最好是边阅读边理培养阅读能力，才是最应该做的事情。建议考生熟读以下文章，最好是边阅读边理解，掌握译文。解，掌握译文。十七十七 Eiffel Is an Eyeful
2、 引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔Some2 300 meters up, near the Eiffel Towers wind-whipped summit the world comes to scribble3. Japanese,Brazilians, Americans they graffiti4 their names,loves and politics on the cold iron transforming the most French of monuments into symbol of a world on the move5.世界各地的人们都来到大约
3、300 米高，接近埃菲尔铁塔顶端的地方涂鸦。日本人、巴西人、美国人都在冰冷的铁上涂上自己的名字、喜好和政治观点，使这最具有法兰西色彩的纪念碑成为 动感世界的象征。With Paris laid out in miniature6 below，it seems strange that visitors would rather waste time marking their presence than admiring the view7. But the graffiti also raises a question ： Why, nearly 114 years after it was
4、 completed,and decades after it ceased to be the world, s tallest structure,is la Tour Eiffel still so popular8?从塔上可以看到巴黎市的远景，但奇怪的是观光者们宁愿花时间留下到此一游的痕迹，而不 去观赏风景。但这些涂鸦者也引起了一个问题：为什么在建成 114 年后，埃菲尔铁塔仍然这么受 欢迎?尽管它在几十年前减已经不是世界上最高的建筑物了。The reasons are as complex as the iron work that graces9 a structure some
5、90 stories high. But part of the answer is, no doubt, its agelessness. Regularly maintained, it should never rust away. Graffiti is regularly painted over,but the tower lives on. 这个问题的答案就像那构成 90 层的铁塔的工程一样复杂。一部分的理由是，毫无疑问，铁塔 是永不过时的。周期性的维护使得它永远不会被腐蚀掉。埃菲尔铁塔定期油漆，覆盖那些涂鸦, 但是它仍将继续存在下去。“Eiffel represents Par
6、is and Paris is France. It is very symbolic”，says Hugues Richard10,a 31- year-old Frenchman who holds the record for cycling up to the towers second floor 一 747 steps in 19 minutes and 4 seconds, without touching the floor with his feet. “Its iron lady，It inspires us11 ”， he says. “埃菲尔是巴黎的象征，而巴黎又代表了
7、法国。所以，埃菲尔十分具有象征性。 ” Hugues Richard 说道。这位 31 岁的法国人保持着在 19 分零 4 秒的时间内骑自行车经过 747 级台阶登上铁 塔二层的纪录。 “这是铁娘子，能让人产生灵感， ”他说。But to what12? After all,the tower doesn t have a purpose. It ceased to be the world s tallest in 1930 when the Chrysler Building13 went up in New York. Yes，television and radio signals a
8、re beamed from the top,and Gustave Eiffel,a frenetic builder who died on December 27，aged 91 ,used its height for conducting research into weather, aerodynamics and radio communication. 但是它能使人们产生怎样的灵感呢？毕竟，铁塔并没有任何而对于恋人们来说， 它则象征着浪漫。“The tower will outlast all of us,and by a long way16”，says Isabelle E
9、snous, whose company manages Eiffel Tower.“这座塔将在我们所有的人离去后长久存在。 ”埃菲尔铁塔管理公司的伊莎贝尔说。十八十八 Goal of American EducationEducation is an enormous and expensive part of American life. Its size is matched by its variety.教育是美国人的生活中很重要的一部分，花销也大。其规模宏大，种类多样。Differences in American schools compared with those found
10、in the majority of other countries lie in the fact that education here has long been intended for everyone not just for a privileged elite. Schools are expected to meet the needs of every child, regardless of ability, and also the needs of society itself. This means that public schools offer more th
11、an academic subjects. It surprises many people when they come here to find high schools offering such courses as typing, sewing, radio repair, computer programming or driver training, along with traditional academic subjects such as mathematics, history, and languages. Students choose their curricul
12、a depending on their interests, future goals, and level of ability. The underlying goal of American education is to develop every child to the utmost of his or her own possibilities, and to give each one a sense of civic and community consciousness.与其他大多数国家相比，美国教育的不同在于美国教育是为每一个人设置的“不只是为享 有特权的优等生。学校是
13、要满足每个孩子的需要，不论其能力如何，同时也要满足社会本身的需 求。这意味着公立学校提供的教育不只限于学术方面的课程。很多人来到美国之后会吃惊地发现， 高中除了提供传统课程，例如：数学、历史和语言之外，他们还提供一些课程如打字、缝纫、无线电修理、计算机课程或驾驶训练课程。学生选择课程是根据个人喜好、目标以及能力水平。美 国教育的潜在目标是将每一个孩子的能力最充分地发挥出来，培养每一个孩子的公民和社区觉悟感。Schools have traditionally played an important role in creating national unity and “Americanizi
14、ng” the millions of immigrants who have poured into this country from many different backgrounds and origins. Schools still play a large role in the community, especially in the small towns.成千上万的移民者涌入这个国家，他们的出身背景不同。传统上,学校在建立民族团结以及 使移民者美国化两方面起着重大作用。在社区中，尤其在小城镇，学校仍然起着重要作用。The approach to teaching may
15、seem unfamiliar to many, not only because it is informal, but also because there is not much emphasis on learning facts. Instead, Americans try to teach their children to think for themselves and to develop their own intellectual and creative abilities. Students spend much time, learning how to use
16、resource materials, libraries, statistics and computers. Americans believe that if children are taught to reason well and to research well, they will be able to find whatever facts they need throughout the rest of their lives. Knowing how to solve problems is considered more important than the accumulation of facts.大家对美国的教学方法彳以乎也很陌生。因为这种教学方法不仅不正式，而且不把重点放在学 习具体知识上。相反，美国人教孩子独立思考，教他们自己去开发自己的智慧以及创造能力。学 生花很多时间学习怎样使用参考资料、图书馆、数据以及计算机。美国人认为只要孩子具有好的 推理能力，好的研究方法，他们就能在以后找到自己所需的具体知识。他们还认为懂得怎样解决
