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1、Grammar,The Attributive Clause,定语从句,什么是定语从句？在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的对象通常叫先行词。,No.2 Middle School is a high school which is well-known in Daqing.,先行词,n. & pron.,Attributive Clause定语从句,Relative关系词,connection 连接作用,function in the AC 在从句中做个成分,关系代词的用法,who,whom,which,that,whose,as,He is the person
2、_is a teacher. He is the person_everyone likes. This is the pen_ belongs to him. This is the pen_ I bought yesterday. He lives in Beijing,_is not a secret. This is the house_windows face south. He is my teacher_teaching is excellent.,who/that,that/who/whom,that/which/ /,which,whose,whose,that/which,
3、关系代词 as as常与such,so或the same连用，或用于asas结构中。Such books as you tell me are interesting.I have the same plan as you.,关系副词的用法,when,where,why,时间,地点,原因,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语,This is the place_I studied long long ago. I will never forget the day_we played together. This is the reason_he was late.,where,when,why,起限
4、定作用。若省略，原句意义不完整。,起补充说明作用。若省略，原句意义不受影响。,修饰先行词,修饰先行词 / 整个句子,无逗号隔开,有逗号与主句隔开,有that,无that,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别,作宾语时可以省略,不可以省略,Example The students who went to see the film were very disappointed.（去看了那场电影的学生大失所望） Her students, who went to see the film, were very disappointed.（她的学生们都去看了电影，他们都大失所望）,当关系代词指代整个
5、主句内容时。,1. He was late again, which made his teacher very angry.,只用非限制性定语从句的情况：,当先行词指的是世界上独一无二的事物时。,2. The moon, which is 384,400 kilometers away from the earth, goes around the earth.,先行词是人名、地名、国名、建筑物等专有名词时。,3. Yesterday he left America, where he had stayed for two years.,1.指物时只用that 或which 的情况 2.介词
6、+关系代词 3.Whose 用法及转换形式 4.as 与which的区别 5.指人时that 与who的区别 6.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词 7.定语从句中的主谓一致问题,常见考点,1. 先行词all,little,much,none,few,everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词,2.先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等修饰时。,3.先行词被序数词或最高级修饰，先行词前有序数词(the first),形容词最高级(the best), the last, the very, the only 等时。,4
7、. 先行词为人和物的组合,只用that的情况:,考点一:that 与which 的区别,5.若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者which，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 who, which，而用 that。 6.先行词在从句中做表语时 He is no longer the boy that he used to be.,1. This is all _ I know about the matter.A. that B. what C. who D.whether2. Is there anything else _ you require?A. which B. that C. who
8、D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall.A. which B. that C. where D. it,4. He talked happily about the men and books _ interested him greatly in the school.A. which B. that C. it D. whom 5. There is no dictionary _ you can find everything in. A. that B. which C. where D. in that,6.
9、Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A. that B. / C. which D. it,7. Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you? A. that B. which C. where D. it,1. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office. (05浙江2)A.which B that C this D.it,只用which不用that的情况: 1,逗号后面 2,介词后面,2. The day _ he
10、 was born was Aug .20 ,1952. A.on which B on that C which D.this,考点二:介词+关系代词,提醒: 介词关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键 是判断介词的选择. 方法一:根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配方法二:根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系,注意：1 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。此时关系代词只能用which 或 whom; 不可用that 或who 代替,2 关于 “数词 + of which/whom” 结构（数词还可以被some, many, most, each 等不定代词替换）在这个结构中，
11、介词of表示一中部分与全体的关系。这时，其中的数词可以后置，放在关系代词which 或whom 后面，构成 “of which/ whom + 数词”的结构。 这时的介词of 不可换成其他任何介词。 e.g. The buses, most of which were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.The buses, of which most were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.,The man is from Beijing University . I
12、 talked with him at the meeting. The man (who/whom/that) I talked with at the meeting is from Beijing University,Join them into one sentence.,=The man with whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.,Fill in the blanks,1.The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster. 2.The room _
13、 my family live used to be a garage. 3.Did you find the pen _ I wrote just now? 4.Did you find the composition _ I wrote just now?,with whom,in which,with which,which,3. whose的先行词指物时, 可用of which代替, 但词序不同， 即whose+n.=the +n.+ of which=of which + the + n.,He lives in the room whose window faces south.,
14、= He lives in the room, the window of which faces south.,= He lives in the room, of which the window faces south.,考点三 Whose 用法及转换形式,1. whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词， 构成名词短语。 Thats the child whose father is a teacher.,Do you know the woman whose husband is a doctor? This is a book whose cover is green.,2.whose
15、引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可 以指人，还可以指物。,考点四：as与which引导的定语从句 1 从句意上讲As 引导的非限制性定语从句通常表示 “正如,正像的那样” e.g. Taiwan is part of China, as is known to all.China is making rapid progress, as everybody can see.which 引导非限制性定语从句时和主句构成因果关系。 e.g. He was late, which made the teacher angry.,2 从位置上讲as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句子的前面、后面，直至可放在这个句子的中间，位置比较灵活。 e.g. Many people, as you know, are learning foreign languages.which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在先行词的后面。 e.g. Mary didnt pass the driving test, which made her very sad.,
