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1、Vowels 元音,元音是一种有声音，发音时用舌头和嘴唇使口腔定形，声带震动。同时气流从咽腔和口腔不断流出，不受阻碍，也没有变狭窄，因而听不出摩擦。元音分类精讲 元音分类A 根据发音时舌头在口腔中抬起的部位不同，我们把单素元音分为前元音、中元音和后元音。单素元音是有一个音素构成的元音 双元音是由两个音素构成的元音,12个单元音：前元音 / i :/ / i / / e / / / 中元音 : : 后元音 : u u: 8个双元音：ei ai i u au i u ,元音20个 根据构成元音的音素的不同，我们把元音分为12个单元音和8个双元音,bay,buy,boy,boat,out,beer,
2、air,sure,辅音分类 28个,辅音主要可以分为清辅音（voiceless consonants）和浊辅音（voiced consonants）。发清辅音时声带不用振动，发浊辅音时声带振动。,清辅音：,p t k f s r t ,pie time keyfan think sored shoe choose,浊辅音：,b d gv z h d,buy dime govan them zoohowusually juice,其他辅音：,鼻辅音：m n 舌侧音： l 半元音： w j ,my no singer led we you,咬舌音：,tr ts,control robots,dr
3、dz,drop ends,爆破音（6个）,摩擦音（8个）,破擦音（8个）,爆破音 在相当时间内，气流通道完全阻塞，气流（一般由于肺部的动作）受压，然后突然放开阻塞，发出爆破的声音。 英语中的爆破音有六个，它们是：p b t d k g,p : pie pig piss b : buy bay base t : time today tomorrow d: date day dime k: key came clock g: go game glass,特例清音浊化现象 清辅音 p t k 在S后面时要发成浊辅音 sport store skin,舌边音 气流通道中央阻塞，在阻塞处的两边或一边留
4、下通道让气流自由通过时发出的音。 英语中舌边音只有一个，就是： l ,Clear L 舌尖抵在上齿根部，再自然落下，发出类似汉语“了”的音 light let lip local lake lamp a lovely boy let her aloneto tell a lie late at night did he leave? little by little to live well to talk loud,Dark L 舌尖抵在上齿根部，但不落下，气流从舌边涌出，声带震动 all bill kill feel hell pillBill had a billboard, Bill
5、also had a board bill. The board bill bored Bill. So Bill sold the billboard to pay his board bill, and the board bill no longer bored Bill.,中国学生的发音难点,th字母组合：和“th”字母组合相应的一组清浊辅音是 ,它们的共同特点是把舌尖含在上下齿之间。而汉语中几乎没有这样的发音方式，因此在发音习惯上给中国学生带来了难度。 : think thought path thumb : other smooth bathe clothe,There are 3
6、,333 features on that thrushs throat. 2. They think that these things are better than those as the thicker things are better than thin things.,舌边音 气流通道中央阻塞，在阻塞处的两边或一边留下通道让气流自由通过时发出的音。 英语中舌边音只有一个，就是： l ,Clear L 舌尖抵在上齿根部，再自然落下，发出类似汉语“了”的音 light let lip local lake lamp a lovely boy let her aloneto tell
7、 a lie late at night did he leave? little by little to live well to talk loud,Dark L 舌尖抵在上齿根部，但不落下，气流从舌边涌出，声带震动 all bill kill feel hell pillBill had a billboard, Bill also had a board bill. The board bill bored Bill. So Bill sold the billboard to pay his board bill, and the board bill no longer bore
8、d Bill.,字母 r 在句首的发音：因为发音习惯的不同，中国人在很多情况下把它发为类似汉语的“日”，而在英语中字母 r 是不会这样发音的。 “小，圆，紧张” 像吹口哨的感觉rose road river red right rock,1.Robert Rally rolled a round roll around the round road. 2.Reading bells ring rapidly and reeds rustle around rivers.,区分 r l ,/ r / / l / / r / / l / 1. rock lock 6. wrong long 2.
9、race lace 7. correct collect 3. red lead 8. pirate pilot 4. road load 9. fry fly 5. right light 10. crown clown,字母r,r在第一个词的词尾，而第二个词以元音开头 。例如：clear animosity R出现在元音后美音卷舌,RP GA worker /w:k/ /wrkr/ father /f:/ /frr/ farm /f:m/ /f:rm/ tour /tu / /tur/ poor /pu/ /pur/ air / /r/,for or before ( world / gi
10、rl ) word more threaten they this that these those with father mother the through part without of-course dark-lord court control countries water learn of all throughout think argue painter peter park walker thought her are other another your here clear concern something anything three four sister po
11、or south north their thousand them barn truth warm there return work wonder however anymore nor neither,nor either things thought author then boys and girls hurt death storm hear worse over car both although whether morning thanks thank you,前元音的听辨与跟读 舌前部向硬颚抬起时发出的元音叫前元音 前元音(Front Vowels)主要有 / i :/ /
12、i / / e / / / Now practice these four sounds in phrases/ i :/ / i / eat the meat make a wish keep the seat sit down say cheese a small fish a piece of cake bit by bit,/ e / / / very well a mad man get ready a jazz band best friend a black bag wet with sweat a happy marriage,B. Now practice these sounds in sentences (1) Please speak English Dick gives Lily a big kissThe book sells well , I guessDont let the cat out of the bag,
