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1、romanticism,Originated in the medieval French romanticism in American (meaning “legend“ or “novel“), the word “romantic“ is a word which transliteration. Romantic aim is thus opposed to “manage“, the main characteristics pay attention to the expression of personal feelings, form less inhibited and b
2、old and unrestrained freedom. And developed on the basis of the romantic romantic literature also has its unique artistic style, in the literary history is a shining pearl.,time:Produced in the 18th century boom:The first half of the 19th century resons：1）Social background ：The French revolution 2）T
3、heoretical basis：The German classical philosophy and Utopian socialism theory 3）The development of literature ：struggle with classical literature views: 1) Looking forward to the future ,Longing for ideal society 2)Placing in landscape ,Acura nature 3)Memorying of the middle ages,Describesing the di
4、stance of exotic emotional appeal classifications:lake poets VS,The introduction of lake poets - thenegative Romantic poets,.,william wordsworth Samuel coleridge Robert southey became known as “lake poets“ because they lived in the lake district in the northwest part of England,As a group, they foll
5、owed no single “school“ of thought or literary practice then known. They were named, only to be uniformly disparaged, by the Edinburgh Review. They are considered part of the Romantic Movement,Lake poets,Wordsworth Wrote 523 sonnets used his imaginative powers to idealize natureColeridge explored th
6、e philosophical aspects of poetrysoutheys Romantic efforts centered on travel and adventure,William Wordsworth,William Wordsworth (7 April 1770 23 April 1850) was a major English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the Romantic Age in English literature with the 1798 jo
7、int publication Lyrical Ballads.,Wordsworths masterpiece is generally considered to be The Prelude, a semi autobiographical poem of his early years which the poet revised and expanded a number of times. The work was posthumously titled and published, prior to which it was generally known as the poem
8、 “to Coleridge“.,Important works,Lyrical Ballads in 1798 with Samuel Tayloy Coleridge “Ode:intimations of immortality”written in1804 ThePrelude-Long autobiographical poem written between 1789-1805 Wrote 523 sonnets,Robert Southey,Robert Southey (12 August 1774 21 March 1843) was an English poet of t
9、he Romantic school, one of the so-called “Lake Poets“, and Poet Laureate for 30 years from 1813 to his death in 1843.,.Moreover, Southey was a prolific letter writer, literary scholar, essay writer, historian and biographer. His biographies include the life and works of John Bunyan, John Wesley, Wil
10、liam Cowper, Oliver Cromwell and Horatio Nelson. The last has rarely been out of print since its publication in 1813 and was adapted for the screen in the 1926 British film, Nelson.,Samuel Taylor Coleridge,Samuel Taylor Coleridge (21 October 1772 25 July 1834) was an English poet, literary critic an
11、d philosopher who, with his friend William Wordsworth, was a founder of the Romantic Movement in England and a member of the Lake Poets.,a tragic genious who fuifilled only a fraction of his enomormous potential.he was handicapped by his impulsive and impractical nature ,which caused him to leave ma
12、ny projects uncompleted,He wrote the poems The Rime of the Ancient Mariner and Kubla Khan, as well as the major prose work Biographia Literaria. His critical work, especially on Shakespeare, was highly influential, and he helped introduce German idealist philosophy to English-speaking culture.,Throu
13、ghout his adult life, Coleridge suffered from crippling bouts of anxiety and depression; it has been speculated by some that he suffered from bipolar disorder, a condition not identified during his lifetime.Coleridge suffered from poor health that may have stemmed from a bout of rheumatic fever and
14、other childhood illnesses. He was treated for these concerns with laudanum, which fostered a lifelong opium addiction.,Satanic school,Satanic School, name applied by Robert Southey in the preface to his A Vision of Judgement (1821) to a class of writers headed by Byron and Shelley, and Keats. Becaus
15、e, according to Southey, their productions were “characterised by a Satanic spirit of pride and audacious impiety.” The term expressed Southeys disapproval of the unorthodox views and lifestyles of the poets.,George Gordon Byron,Byrons Contribution,Childe Harolds Pilgrimage (1812-1818)(famous verse
16、narrative) Manfred (1817) (verse drama) Don Juan (1819-1824) (verse mock epic on contemporary English Society) Developed the Byronic Hero Fought for Greek independence,Childe Harolds Pilgrimage,Childe Harolds Pilgrimage, a poem narrating his travels between 1809 and 1811 in Europe, brought Byron fam
17、e.,Don Juan,Don Juan is Byrons masterpiece, a great comic epic of the early 19th century.,Byronic hero,As a leading Romanticist, Byrons chief contribution is his creation of the “Byronic hero,“ a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin. With immense superiority in his passions and powers, thi
18、s Byronic hero would carry on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and would rise single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules either in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies. The conflict is usually one of rebellious individuals against outworn social systems and conventions.,
