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1、2018/8/30,1,Translation literal translation and free translation 直译和意译,2018/8/30,2,汉英翻译的基本原则,Translate literally，if possible，or appeal to free translation.能直译就尽量直译，不能直译就采取意译,2018/8/30,3,Have A Try 小试牛刀,明天不下雨，我们就去公园。（直译） 勤洗手是避免疾病传播的有效方法之一。（直译） 许多外国游客都想到长城一游，他们知道“不到长城非好汉” （意译） 请尽早作出决定，不然你会坐失良机。（意译）,20
2、18/8/30,4,literal translation and free translation 直译和意译,I. 注意(逻辑)主语的变化 1 他的话让我忍俊不禁。 I couldnt help laughing at what he had said. 2. 那个国家又发生地震了。 Another earthquake broke out in that country. 3. 他突然想到自己忘带驾照了。 It suddenly occurred to him that he had forgotten to take his driving license. 4. 你不可能独立完成这项
3、工作的。 It is impossible for you to complete the task alone . 5. 他五岁时妈妈开始教他钢琴。 When he was five years old his mother began to teach him how to play the piano.,2018/8/30,5,II. 根据英语表达习惯适当增词、减词,1. 我爸爸是老师，在重点中学教书。 My father is a teacher and teaches in a middle school. 2. 每天早晨妈妈是全家第一个起床的人。 Every morning Mum
4、 is the first to get up in the family. 3. 这是妈妈告诉我的。 This is what Mum told me. 4.他的包被抢了。 He was robbed of his bag,2018/8/30,6,5. 他虽然退休了，但仍关心着公司的的业务。 Though he has retired, he still cares about the companys business. 6.因为我不懂德语，所以我没有参加他们的柏林三日游。 As I dont know German, I didnt join them in the three-day
5、trip to Berlin. 7 我会安排人带你们参观我厂。 I will arrange for someone to show you around our factory. 8. 他和一位教授的女儿结了婚。 He married a daughter of a professors.,2018/8/30,7,III.有些汉语的翻译要遵循英语的表达习惯不能直译,1. 为了提前完成任务，他做饭也顾不上了。 In order to complete the task in advance , he had no thought for dinner. 2. 我一定会尽快通知你考试的日程的。
6、I will surely inform you of the exam schedule . 3. 希望你早日康复。 hope you will recover soon. 4.有人看见一个黑衣人朝公园方向走去。 A man in black was seen walking in the direction of park.,2018/8/30,8,5. 我把你的电子词典忘在家里了。 left your electronic dictionary at home 6. 他因为考试成绩好而得到老师的表扬。 He was praised for his good result in the e
7、xam. 7. 你的梦想一定会实现的。 Your dream is sure to come true. You are sure to realize your dream .,2018/8/30,9,IV. 翻译中语序的变化,1. 所有出席会议的人都会拿到一张电影票。 All those present at the meeting got a film ticket. 2.最后离开教室的人必须关灯。 The last to leave the classroom must turn off the lights. 3.我认为你找不到自行车了。 dont think you can fin
8、d your bicycle. 4.你认为我该去哪里买药。 Where do you think I should go to buy the medicine. 5. 他越说越激动。 The more he said, the more excited he became. 6.地上躺着一个人。There lay a person on the ground.,2018/8/30,10,V.要注意中英文对应词的词性变化 1.这家超市能买到各种床上用品。 Bed clothes of all kinds are available at this supermarket. 2.每年都有许多物种
9、灭绝。 Every year species of animals become extinct. 3.那部小说很值得一看。 That novel is well worth reading 4.他们都非常赞成你的提议。 We are all in favor of your proposal .,2018/8/30,11,5.我们强烈反对周末加班 We are strongly against working extra time at the weekends. 6.由于缺钱，他不得不推迟度假。 Because of lack of money , he had to put off his vacation. 7. 学生不能进教师阅览室。 Students have no access to the teachers reading room.,2018/8/30,12,Homework,1.长时间坐在电脑前是许多年轻人健康下降的主要原因。（decline) 2. 几天来，已经为救助地震灾区的灾民募捐到了一大笔钱。（ raise） 3.这本字典在所有书店都买得到。(available） 4.使我欣慰的是这孩子开始懂得了“有错必改” (relief) 5. 在过去的20年里，上海发生了翻天覆的变化。（ occur）,
