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1、Structuring your Writing for SuccessEffective writing and thinking*connectedthinking1. The importance of clear thinkingPricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence2Can you remember these words?elephant apple pencil hat chewing gum . coffee CD . sunglasses calendar . .ipodThe importance of clear th
2、inkingPricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence3Now try again, this time forming a mental picture linking the words.plant banana rose chocolate restaurant mobile phone dictionary . dog umbrella .cake The importance of clear thinkingPricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence4Clear ThinkingUn
3、clear ThinkingUnclear WritingClear WritingSo if you want to write well, you have to think well!The importance of clear thinkingObjectivesBy the end of this course, you will: recognise that careful thinking and planning BEFORE you write will make your documents more intelligible be familiar with the
4、two types of writing process be able to order information logically and persuasively be able to describe the particular structure of the documents you need to write be able to write an effective introduction be able to highlight the structureContents1.The importance of clear thinking 2.Structuring i
5、deas: the Pyramid Principle 3.Planning Methods Hunter Method Gatherer Method 4.Introductions 5.Inductive and Deductive reasoning 6.Highlighting the structure 7.Case Studies2. Structuring ideas: the Pyramid PrinciplePricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence8Pyramid structure:2. Pyramid structure
6、1. Magic number seven3. Logical groupingThe Pyramid PrinciplePricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence9TopicABCRules: 1.ideas at any level are a summary of those below 2.ideas in each group are the “same kind” of thing 3.ideas in each group are logically orderedabciiiiii21summary of levels belo
7、w logical order same kind of thing 3The Pyramid Principle3. Planning Methods Hunter Method Gatherer MethodPricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence11Start with the reader in mind build the pyramid, hunting for details and answering your readers questions as you goPlanning MethodsHunter MethodPr
8、icewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence12Step 1 (drafting): Write down the readers question. Write down your answer to it.This is just a draft to revisit. You may have multiple questions and answers at this stage: just write them down.Hunter MethodPlanning MethodsPricewaterhouseCoopersCommercia
9、l in Confidence13Step 2 (refining): Now go back and refine the Q&A using the following sequenceSituation: Make a statement about an unchanging, stable situation that both you and the reader know aboutDevelopment: Identify what changes in that stable situation. Is there an opportunity? A threat? A di
10、ffering opinion? Question: Re-define the readers question (you can refer back to step 1)Answer: Sum up your answer to the readers questionPlanning MethodsHunter MethodPricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence14The hunter SDQA method is like telling a storySituation: Once upon a time, in a land
11、far away, there lived a girl called Cinderella. She lived with her cruel step-mother and ugly step-sisters, and was made to do all the washing, cleaning and cooking.Development: One day, the Prince in that land decided to hold a party so he could find a wife.Question: Cinderella dreamed of going to
12、the party, and mentioned it to her step -mother who laughed. Will Cinderella go to the party? Who will marry the Prince?Answer: Of course she will! Keep reading to find out how!Planning MethodsPricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence15Development SITUATIONDEVELOPMENTQUESTIONRecognised stable s
13、ituationSomething went wrongWhat do we do?Something could go wrongHow can we prevent it?Something changedWhat should we do?Something could changeHow should we react?Heres what you might expect to find in itDo we find it?Heres someone with a different point of viewWho is right?In this situation we ha
14、ve three alternativesWhich one should we take?Planning MethodsPricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence16Gatherer Method1. Analyse the data you have 2. Notice relationships and gather the data into groups 3. Form a conclusion and structure 4. Write your SDQAPlanning MethodsPricewaterhouseCooper
15、sCommercial in Confidence17Q&A relationshipConclusionRecommendation 1From the top of the pyramid: Q&AWhen the reader reaches the bottom, they should have no more questions!abcWhat do we need to do? Recommendation 2Recommendation 3Why? Planning MethodsPricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence18U
16、se the pyramid at all levelsReport levelSection levelParagraph levelPlanning Methods4. IntroductionsPricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence20IntroductionsS = Situation background, scope etc D = Development issue, impact Q = Question the clients concern A = Answer PwCs solution Telling a story PricewaterhouseCoopersCommercial in Confidence21Order of SC(Q)ASD(Q)A form = es