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1、1专题十三专题十三 复合句复合句,青海五年中考命题规律及趋势编者按：分析青海近5年中考真题可以看出复合句是青海每年的必考点，命题点包含宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句，其中宾语从句属高频考点，主要在单项选择题中考查定语从句，状语从句则主要考查if引导的条件从句。,青海中考重难点突破宾语从句 【满分点拨】宾语 从句构成规则例句连接词1.that在从句中作宾语时可 以省略；作主语时不能省略 ； 2.what，when，where，how ，whatever，whenever，whe rever，who，whom，whose等 特殊疑问词作连接词；3.当宾语从句由一般疑问句 变化而来时，连接词用whet
2、h er或if，表示“是否”。Could you tell me if/whether it snows in winter in Australia？你能告诉我澳大 利亚冬天下雪吗？ Please tell me how you go to school.请告诉我你怎么去学 校的。语序从句一律用陈述语序，即主 语谓语。Do you know where Tom lives？你知道汤姆住哪儿吗 ？ 时态1.主句是现在时，从句根据 实际情况使用相应时态。I hear Joe left for Beijing yesterday.我听说乔昨天去 北京了。 I hear Joe will leave
3、 for Beijing.我听说乔要去北京 了。2.主句是过去时，从句使用 过去时的某种形式。Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.凯特说昨天这个 时间她在看电视。 Kate said she was going 2to school soon.凯特说她马上去学校。 3.从句表示的是客观事实、 真理、自然现象等时，不管 主句使用什么时态，从句都 用一般现在时。Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun.胡老师说地球绕着太阳 转。注意：在介词之后，动词不定式之前或在or之前，只用wh
4、ether，不用if。如：I cant decide whether to buy this bike or not.我不能决定是否买这辆自行车。【考点抢测】( A A )1.1.(20162016青海3939题)Could you tell me _yesterday?Because it rained heavily.Awhy you arrived lateBwhy did you arrive lateCwhy you didnt arrive late( A A )2.2.Could you tell me_？By searching the Internet.Ahow you go
5、t the informationBwhy you got the informationChow did you get the information( C C )3.3.I dont know _ coffee.Awhat she is so crazy aboutBwhat is she so crazy aboutCwhy she is so crazy about( B B )4.4.Could you please tell me _？I have something important to tell him.Awhere is SamBwhere Sam isCwhat is
6、 Sam( B B )5.5.My pen pal from America is coming to visit me.Im thinking about _Ahow I gave her a surpriseBhow I will give her a surpriseCwhether I planned a trip for her状语从句 【满分点拨】3青海中考对状语从句的考查一般都会和从属连词相结合，主要为在状语从句中考查从属连词的运用与辨析以及if引导的从句时态的考查(主将从现)。具体用法如下：状语从句 的分类从句的引导词例句 时间状 语从句when/while/as (当时)，b
7、efore (在之前)，after(在 之 后)，since(自从)，notun til (直到才)， as soon as (一就)I was doing my home work when my mothercame in.当我妈妈进来的时候，我 正在写作业。 He did not go to bed until his father came back.直到爸爸回来他才去睡 觉。 条件状语从句if(如果)，as long as(只要)，unless(除非)Unless bad weatherstops me，I go for awalk every day.我每天都会去散步，除 非遇上坏
8、天气。 原因状语从句because(因为)，since(既然 )，as(由于)I like to eat apples because its good for my health.我喜欢吃苹果，因为 它对我的健康有益。 Since everyone is here，lets begin our meeting.既然每个人都在这 儿，我们开始开会吧。 目的状语从句so that(以便，为了)，in order that(为了)He gets up early every morning so that he can catch the bus.他每天早上起得都很早 ，以便能赶上公交车。 结果状
9、语从句so that(结果是)，sothat/su chthat(如此以至于)Its so hot that nobody wants to go 4out.天太热，以至于没人想 出去。续表状语从句 的分类从句的引导词例句 让步状语从句though/although(尽管，虽 然)，even if(即使)，whatever(无论什 么)，wherever (无论哪里)，whenever(无论何时)Wherever you go，I will go with you.无论你去哪儿，我都跟 着你。 Whenever you come，I will wait for you.无论你什么时候来，我 都
10、会等你。 比较状 语从句than(比)， asas(和一样)，not as/soas(不如)He is as tall as Tom.他和汤姆一样高。 地点状语从句where(的地方)，wherev er(无论哪里)Sit wherever you like.请随便坐。注意：英语中有些时间和条件状语从句必须遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句为一般将来时态时，它所引导的状语从句使用一般现在时表达将来的意思，这时主句和从句所表达的时态在意义上仍然保持一致。常见的应使用“主将从现”原则的连词有：表示时间的when，while，after，before，until，till，whenever，as soon
11、 as，as long as，once等；表示条件的if，unless，so long as，in case等。【考点抢测】( B B )1.1.(20162016广东中考)Unless the weather _，we will have to cancel the picnic.Aimprove BimprovesCimproved Dwill improve( B B )2.2.(20162016新疆中考)Nobody knows if he _.If he _ here，Ill call you at once.Awill come；will arriveBwill come；arri
12、vesCcomes；will arriveDcomes；arrives( A A )3.3._ I was in the US，I made a lot of American friends.AWhile BAlthoughCUnless DUntil( C C )4.4.Some of the students are nearsighted _ they spend too much time watching TV or playing online games.Awhen Bthough Cbecause( A A )5.5.Youd better look up the new w
13、ord in a dictionary _ you dont know it.5Aif Bthat Cthough( A A )6.6.I wont take part in Jacks birthday party _ I am invited.Aunless Bafter Cbecause定语从句 【满分点拨】关系词功能先行词例句that， who主语、宾 语、表语 whom， that宾语人、物 Do you know the girl who/that often comes here？你认识经常来这儿的 那个女孩吗？ Hes the boy(whom/that) I talked w
14、ith just now.他就是刚才和我说话的 男孩。 that， which主语、 宾语、 表语事、物A dictionary is a book that/which gives the meaning of words.字典是一本解释单词 意思的书。时间Ill never forget the days(that/which) we spent together.我将永远不会忘记 我们一起度过的日子。地点The school(that/which) we visited yesterday is a famous one in Shanghai.昨天我们参观的那 个学校是上海的一所名校。
15、注意：通常在以下四种情况中关系代词只能用that而不用which：先行词为all，much，something，everything，nothing，little，none，the one等不定代词时。如：This is all that I want to say.这就是我想说的一切。如：先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。This is the most wonderful film that I have seen.这是我看过的最精彩的电影。如：当先行词被the only，the very，the just等修饰时。6Mr.Smith is the only foreigner that he knows.史密斯先生是他唯一认识的外国人。先行词中既有人又有物时。如：We were deeply impressed by the teachers and schools that we had visited.我们访问的老师和学校给我们留下了深刻的印象。【考点抢测】( C C )1.1.I can never forget the stories _
