《关系副词引导的定语从句》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《关系副词引导的定语从句(7页珍藏版)》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、关系副词引导的定语从句By Shirley关系副词引导的定语从句先观察下面各句,尝试总结一下红色部分的用法。 1) Do you remember the days when / in which I stayed with you in the USA?你还记得我和你在美国共度的那些日子吗?2) The factory where / in which he worked for twenty years is closing down.他效力了20年的那个工厂倒闭了。3) The reason why / for which he was late for school was that
2、he didnt catch the bus.他之所以迟到,原因是没赶上公交车。4) I have read the book in which you are interested.我读了那本你感兴趣的书。5) The man with whom I talked just now comes from Japan.刚刚和我交谈的那个男人来自日本。6) This is the book which she is looking for.这就是她正在找的那本书。小结归纳 when 通常放在表示时间的名词后引导定语从句,如句1); where放在表示地点的名词后引导定语从句,如句2); why经
3、常放在reason的后面来引导定语从句,如句3); 当引导定语从句时,关系副词一般可以转化为“介词 + 关系代词”,即:when / where 可转化为on / in / at等 + which,why可转化为for which(在口语中可用that或省略),这也是定语从句中的 一种常见现象。 需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关系代词不能用that,如句1)、2)、3) 另外,指代先行词的关系代词which, whom在从句中作介词宾语时,可以把“介词 + 关系代词(which / whom)”一起放在先行词和从句之间,如句4)、5); 但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在动词的后面,如句
4、6)。1) Do you remember the days when / in which I stayed with you in the USA?2) The factory where / in which he worked for twenty years is closing down.3) The reason why / for which he was late for school was that he didnt catch the bus.4) I have read the book in which you are interested.5) The man w
5、ith whom I talked just now comes from Japan.6) This is the book which she is looking for. 当引导定语从句时,关系副词一般 可以转化为“介词 + 关系代词” ,即:when / where 可转化为on / in / at等 + which,why可转化为for which 需要特别注意的是此时介词后的关 系代词不能用that,如句1)、2)、3) 另外,指代先行词的关系代词 which, whom在从句中作介词宾语 时,可以把“介词 + 关系代词 (which / whom)”一起放在先行词和 从句之间,
6、如句4)、5); 但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开 ,介词仍放在动词的后面,如句6 )。关系代词that和which在定语从句中充当主语或宾语 关系副词when/ where/ why分别在定语从句中充当时间状语, 地点状语和原因状语 。 例如:This is the house where/ in which we once lived. 这是我们曾经住过的房子(Where相当于in the house 做地点状语)This is the house which/ that they built last year. 这是他们去年建的房子(which/ that 指代house 做built
7、的宾语)Ill never forget the days when/on which we stayed in Beijing. 我永远不会忘记我们一起在 北京的日子(When相当于on the days 做时间状语, on the days “在这些日子”)Ill never forget the days which we spent in Beijing.我永远不会忘记我们一起在北京的日子(Which指代the days 做spent的宾语)That is the reason why/ for which she told a lie. 那就是她为什么撒谎的原因。(Why相当于for
8、 the reason 做原因状语)That is the reason which was told by the boy. 那就是那个男孩说的原因。(Which 指代the reason 做主语)注意: 确立关系代词which/that或关系副词when/where/why的方法: 看定语从句中是否缺少主语或宾语,如果缺少用which/ that;如果不缺主语或宾语用when/where/ why. 关系副词在定语从句中不充当主语或宾语,只能充当状语。如果先行词表时间、 地点、原因,关系词在句中作主语或宾语,应该用关系代词that或which。如:I still remember the
9、days that/which we spent in the small village.( 作宾语) 我还记得我们在那个小村庄度过的那些日子。 The reason that/which he gave was not reasonable.( 作宾语) 他给的那个理由不合情理。 The factory that /which we visited yesterday is far from here.(作宾语) 我们昨天参观的那家工厂离这里很远。 用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。(参考P5例句 )作业汉译英1.你还记得我们一起在乡下度过的假期吗?2.这是我父亲从前工作过的工厂。3.我找不到他离开这儿的原因。4.我知道一个我们可以玩的开心的地方。5.那就是他10年前住过的房子。6.那就是我去美国的那一年。