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1、Hiroshima the “liveliest” city in Japan Teaching Objectives of Lesson 2 To acquaint students with the historical facts of the atomic bombardment in Hiroshima and its impact upon peoples lives. To acquaint students with Japan and her traditions revealed in the text. To enable students to appreciate t
2、he reportorial writing, i.e. facts and opinions.Background Information: Japan Geography: Four main islands: Honshu (本州), Hokkaido (北海 道), Kyushu (九州), and Shikoku (四国) Area: 371,857 sq.km. Population: 127,370,000 (2012). Capital: Tokyo World war Sept.1, 1939 Hitler invaded Poland. France and Britain
3、 declared war on Gr. immediately, officially beginning World War II Jun.22, 1941 Gr. invaded USSR Dec. 7, 1941 Pearl Harbour Sept. 1943 Italy surrendered May. 7, 1945 Gr. surrendered unconditionallyWorld war Aug. 6, 1945 the first A-bomb exploded in Hiroshima Aug. 8, 1945 USSR declared war on Japan
4、and occupied Manchuria Aug. 9, 1945 the dropping of the second A-bomb on Nagasaki Aug. 14, 1945Japan announced its surrenderWorld war At 8:15 a.m. on August 6, 1945, by order of President Truman, the first Atomic bomb, nicknamed Little Boy was exploded over a point near the centre of Hiroshima, dest
5、roying almost everything with a radius of 830-1,450 meters. World war The damage beyond this area was considerable, and over 71,000 people were killed instantly. Many more later died of injuries and the effects of radiation. Casualties numbered nearly 130,000.World war The Japanese dedicated post- w
6、ar Hiroshima to peace. A destroyed area named “Peace City“ has been set aside as a memorial. A peace Park was built. A special hospital built here treats people suffering from exposure to radiation and conducts research into its effects. *image-1*(日本广岛原子弹纪念馆）More picturesAt the time this photo was m
7、ade, smoke rose to 20,000 feet above HiroshimaAerial photograph from the 80 kilometers away of the Inland Sea, taken about 1 hour after the dropping. The huge atomic cloud, 6 August, 1945The Atomic Bomb Dome Hiroshima Peace Memorial, a remnant of the city at ground zero of its nuclear bombardmentThe
8、 ruins of the Institute of Industrial Development, with its warped dome, were preserved as a symbol of the terror of destruction.A girl with her skin hanging in strips, at Ohmura Navy Hospital on August 10-11. The Atomic Shadow- The shadows of the parapets were imprinted on the road surface of the Y
9、orozuyo Bridge, 1/2 of a mile south- southwest of the hypocenter.Choice of Target -Hiroshima Some military camps were located nearby Hiroshima was a major supply and logistics base for the Japanese military. The city was a communications center, a storage point, and an assembly area for troops. it h
10、ad not suffered damage from previous bombing raids, allowing an ideal environment to measure the damage caused by the atomic bomb. Effects of an Atomic Bomb Explosion blast effect is significant for chemical high explosives. The blast effect of an atomic bomb is similar to that of a conventional exp
11、losive but much more intense and far-reaching. Thermal radiation, which results from the extremely high temperatures created by an atomic explosion, causes serious burns on exposed parts of the body and may ignite fires over a wide radius. Nuclear radiation, which results from the neutrons and gamma
12、 rays associated with fission, causes death and injury as a result of damage to living tissue. The damage: Destroying almost everything within a radius of 6,000 to 8,000 feet( 1.830-2,450 meters). Altogether an area of 13 sq. km. was reduced to ashes and of the 76,000 buildings in the city 62.9% wer
13、e destroyed and only 8% escaped damage Over 71,000 people were killed instantly. long-term problems to those affected. Many people died within the first few months and many more in subsequent years because of radiation exposure. more than 140,000 people died by the end of the year. The total number
14、of people who have died due to the bomb is estimated to be 200,000. When we were playing in the school ground, an airplane came, but we kept on playing, only saying “Why did they give the all-clear?“ All of a sudden, there was something like lightening and I covered my face with my hands. When I ope
15、ned my eyes and looked around, it was dark and I couldnt see anything. While I was feeling around in the darkness, it became light. I was thinking of going home, and I found that all the houses around me had been destroyed and fires were burning here and there. An account by Masatada Asaeda - 3rd Grade Student in 1945 An account by Masatada Asaeda - 3rd Grade Student in 1945 I started running home, crying and calling, “Mother! Mother!“ But I couldnt tell where my house had been. I just went around this way and that, and then I heard my sister calling my name. I w
