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1、一、完形填空常见体裁一、完形填空常见体裁（一）记叙文（一）记叙文情节性情节性故事性、情节性、理解较容易。明确六个要素：时间、 地点、人物、故事的发生、发展和结局。核心：故事的展 开。做题：明确事件内容、理清故事发展线索。 （二）说明文（二）说明文条理性条理性了解主题明确条理是关键。认知过程从段落、分层次、 分要点等逐步展开。 （三）议论文（三）议论文逻辑性逻辑性了解观点（论点）和论据（道理）。阐述观点，自圆其 说（正反双方），环环相扣，表达严谨。 （四）常见题材（四）常见题材社会生活、人物传记、科技文化、历史地理、政治经 济。平时要广闻博览、针对性阅读，丰富阅读面。 Date1二、完形填空题目
2、设计特点二、完形填空题目设计特点（一）首句不设空（一）首句不设空 （二）上下文逻辑关系（二）上下文逻辑关系完形填空不仅考察词汇、搭配、语法等独立知识，而 且还考察它们不同语境下构成的相应意义。做完形填空 试题时必须首先明确上下文的的逻辑关系和意义。 因果因果：as a result, consequently, thus, therefore, for this reason, for that reason, because of, on account of, so that, due to, owing to 列举列举：for instance, for example, that is
3、 , namely, specifically, one example is , such as 递进递进：not onlybut also,. as well as, moreover, besides, and, neithernor, bothand Date2比较比较：compare with / to, like, in the same way, similarly, unlike, as well as, by contrast 对比对比：although, while, but, but at the same time, despite, even so, even tho
4、ugh, for all that, however, in contrast, in spite of , nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, regardless, still, though, yet 转折转折：but, however, on the other hand, nevertheless, whereas, whereas, while, yet, still, although, even though,in spite of 强调强调：indeed, certainly, above all, in add
5、ition, in fact, after all, especially, (in) particular (ly), it is true, of course 条件条件：if, in case, suppose, provided that, as long asDate3时间时间：after that, from now on, next, from then on, first, then, secondly, finally, former, previous, meantime, since, since then, after a while, soon, as soon as
6、, before, earlier, until, immediately, in the past, lately, now , shortly, so far, when 空间空间：over, above, inside, outside, beside, across, between, before, below, close to, in front of, in the center of, nearby,near to, on top of, on the other side, opposite to, to the east,to the left 顺序顺序：again, a
7、lso, and, and then, besides, equally important, finally, first, further, further more, in addition, in the first place, last, moreover, next, second, still, tooDate4总结总结：in short, in a word, to sum up, in conclusion, in otherwords, in summary, on the whole（三）语义干扰（三）语义干扰有限篇幅尽可能多考察知识点、语言点，全面考查语 言功底和语言
8、运用能力。1.1.炸药威力相当炸药威力相当词义相近词义相近Then we wouldnt need to go to class. Professors should15 repeating in lectures material that is in the textbook. “Once weve read the material, we want to discuss it or hear it elaborated on, not repeated.”A) refuse B) prohibit C) prevent D) avoidDate5Friendship appears t
9、o be a unique form of human bonding. Unlike marriage or the ties that bind parents and children, it is not defined or regulated by 8 .A) discipline B) law C) rule D) regulation2.2.炸药类型相同炸药类型相同词性相同词性相同An 71 7% did not know which revolved around 72 . I have no doubt that 73 73 all of these people were
10、 74 in school that the earth revolves around the sun.A) virtually B) remarkably C) ideally D) preferablyWe sat at the dinner table in silence, preferring that to 89 in a difficult language.A) telling B) uttering C) saying D) speakingDate6Though youve got to get them to do it, 76 helping too much, or
11、 even examining 77 too carefully, you may keep them 78 78 doing it by themselves.A) off B) beyond C) without D) from3.3.糖衣花色相似糖衣花色相似词形相近词形相近Unlike math or science, ignorance of history cannot be 73 connected to loss of international 74 74 .A) competitiveness B) comprehension C) community D) commitme
12、nt4.4.引爆装置相似引爆装置相似语法结构语法结构but a bird has a single alarm cry, 75 means “danger!”A) this B) that C) which D) itDate7（四）语法知识（四）语法知识纵观历次四级考试完形填空试题，常考语法项目有：1）名次单复数； 2） 形容词和副词的一般级、比较级和最高级；3）动词的时态和语态； 4）分词结构和不定式；5）定语从句； 6）宾语从句；7）虚拟语气； 8）倒装结构。 （五）习惯用法与固定搭配（五）习惯用法与固定搭配One third have no 6868 when the Declarat
13、ion of Independence was 69 .A) sense B) doubt C) reason D) ideaWe can change an utterance by 72 one word in it with 73 73 .A) ours B) theirs C) another D) othersDate8Students can learn the right answers 82 82 heart in class,and yet never combined them 83 their working models of the world.A) to B) by
14、 C) in D) with（六）词汇辨析（六）词汇辨析Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the 72 between the two tall heads in front of me. I had to keep changing the 73 73 every time she leaned over to talk to him, 74 he leaned over to kiss her. Why do Americans display such 75 75 in a public place ? A) attraction
15、B) attention C) affection D) motionDate9三、完形填空解题策略与应试技巧三、完形填空解题策略与应试技巧（一）通读全文（一）通读全文: 完形填空离不开文章，解题离不开上下 文。通读，了解文章大意，才能做到有的放矢。 （二）重视首句（二）重视首句: 文章第一句话很重要，有指导性作用， 理解中心思想。 （三）分析文章结构及展开方式（三）分析文章结构及展开方式: 体裁分析；记叙文要把 握故事发展脉络；说明文要搞清文章范畴；议论文明确论 点理顺论证方式。 （四）分析文章时态（四）分析文章时态: 时态提供有效背景信息，对选择正 确答案有提示作用。Since we 4 4 all
