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1、 更多考研专业课资料访问研途宝考研网2018 年考研英语一试题与答案解析(完整版)SectionSection I I UseUse ofof EnglishEnglishDirectionsDirections：ReadRead thethe followingfollowing text.text. ChooseChoose thethe bestbest wordword (s)(s) forfor eacheach numberednumbered blankblank andand markmark A,A, B,B, C C oror D D onon thethe ANSWERA
2、NSWER SHEET.SHEET. (10(10 points)points)Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, its a necessary condition _(1) many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your _(2)in the wrong place often carries a high _(3)._(4), why do we trust at all? Well, because it fe
3、els good. _(5) people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that _(6) pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that leads sheep to flock together for safety and prompts humans to _(7) with one another. Swiss Scientists have found
4、 that exposure _(8) this hormone puts us in a trusting _(9): In a study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their _(10) who inhaled something else._(11) for us, we also have
5、a sixth sense for dishonesty that may _(12) us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate _(13) a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each _(14) to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “Whats in here?” before looki
6、ng into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look _ (15). Half of them found a toy; the other half _ (16)the container was empty-and realized the tester had _(17) them.Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were _ (18) to cooperate with t
7、he tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. _ (19), only five of the 30 children paired with the “_(20)“tester participated in a follow-up activity.1. Aon Blike Cfor Dfrom更多考研专业课资料访问研途宝考研网2. Afaith Bconcern Cattention Dinterest3. Abenefit Bdebt Chope Dprice4. A
8、Therefore BThen CInstead DAgain5. AUntil BUnless CAlthough DWhen6. Aselects Bproduces Capplies Dmaintains7. Aconsult Bcompete Cconnect Dcompare8. Aat Bby Cof Dto9. Acontext Bmood Cperiod Dcircle10. Acounterparts Bsubstitutes Ccolleagues Dsupporters11. AFunny BLucky COdd DIronic12. Amonitor Bprotect
9、Csurprise Ddelight13. Abetween Bwithin Ctoward Dover14. Atransferred Badded Cintroduced Dentrusted15. Aout Bback Caround Dinside16. Adiscovered Bproved Cinsisted Dremembered17. Abetrayed Bwronged Cfooled Dmocked18. Aforced Bwilling Chesitant Dentitled19. AIn contrast BAs a result COn the whole DFor
10、instance20. Ainflexible Bincapable Cunreliable Dunsuitable1.【答案】C【解析】该题选择的是介词，与后面的 many worthwhile things 一块做后置定语修饰前面 的 condition,表明对于许多重要事情来说是一个必要的条件。而 A 选项 from（来自于）， C 选项 like（像）D 选项 on（关于）均语义不搭。2.【答案】A【解析】此处考察语义一致和对上下文辨析的问题。该空是做 put 的宾语，通过前面的 On the one hand, its a necessary condition _(1) many
11、worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. (一方面,信任对许多重要事情来说是必要条件，比如照看孩子， 友谊等)；on the other hand 可以得知该题仍然是在讲述关于主题 trust 的问题，所以更多考研专业课资料访问研途宝考研网只有 faith（信任）最合适。而 B 选项 concern（关心，关注），C 选项 attention（注意） ，D 选项 interest（兴趣，利益）均不符题意。3.【答案】D【解析】此处考察词义辨析。前文说到 putting your _in the wrong place often carr
12、ies a high _（把放在错误的地方通常会带来巨大的），可以知道该空 肯定也是填贬义，但肯定不能是 debt 债务这种具体含义，所以只能选 price，并且 carries a high price 也指付出高昂的代价。4.【答案】B【解析】此题考察上下文逻辑关系。上一段分析的是信任的利弊，该段所指内容_, why do we trust at all? （我们为什么会要信任？）所以采用了递进关系，进一步说明 信任的具体内容。只有 D 选项 then(然后，那么)最符合语义搭配。而 A 选项 again（再次） 表示强调；B 选项 instead（然而）表转折；而 C 选项 theref
13、ore（因此）表结果，均不符 合。5. 【答案】D【解析】此处再一次考察逻辑关系。该空_ people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin，a hormone（_人们 信任一个人或者一个机构，大脑都会释放一种荷尔蒙）,只有 when（当时）符合上下 文语境和逻辑语境。6. 【答案】B【解析】该题是考察定语从句的动宾搭配问题。上一句说当人们产生信任感，大脑就会产 生一种荷尔蒙，a hormone that _(6) pleasurable feelings 这个 t
14、hat 就是定语从 句，指这种荷尔蒙能_令人愉悦的感觉，只能是 produce 最符合语境。7.【答案】C【解析】考察词义辨析。该空所填为动词，并且要求与之后的 with 形成搭配。and triggers the herding instruct that leads sheep to flock together for safety and prompts humans to _with one another. 说明这种荷尔蒙能够引发一种群居本能，这 种本能能让羊群聚在一起，and 的后面的内容也与前面的 flock together 同义复现。所以 只有 connect 最符合语境。
15、8. 【答案】D【解析】该题考察固定搭配。与 exposure to 构成固定搭配的关系。表示“接触”9. 【答案】B【解析】该题考察上下文语义。上文中说到这种荷尔蒙会给人带来一种愉悦的情绪，通过 这个结论，可以得出这种荷尔蒙能让人有让人信任的情绪/心绪。只有 mood 是最合适的答 案。更多考研专业课资料访问研途宝考研网10.【答案】A【解析】此处仍然是考察上下文语境。上文中 In a study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; 能从下文得知这也是只本句讲另外一 组受试者。conuterparts 表示对应物，对应的人。11.【答案】B【解析】此处考察上下文逻辑关系。从后文中的 also 可以看出前后一致的关系。前文对于 这种天赋都是褒义的色彩，所以答案此时应该是 lucky。12.【答案】B【解析】同样也是因为 also，说明前后一致关系。只能选择 protect.13.【答案】A【解析】考察固定搭配。A Canadian study found that children as young as 14
