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1、Attributive ClauseAttributive ClauseHarry Pottera boy with glassesa boy who is brave and wearing glassesa brave boyAttribute/定语 1 概念Definition： 定语从句 *在复合句中，用来修饰某一个名词/代词的从句You must do everything that I do. *被修饰的这个名词或代词,叫做先行词 *定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面 *关系代词/关系副词: 作用 连接先行词和定语从句在定语从句中充当成分 *关系代词：在从句中，做主语或宾语（v.的宾语
2、/介词的 宾语）* who/ whom人, which物, that人/物, whose人/ 物，(所有格+n.) *In Attributive Clause, no “what”, no “how”. e.g: Two boys are sitting at the back of the classroom. They are teachers.The boys who are sitting at the back of the classroom are teachers.注意：*在汉语中，定语再长也可以放在n.之前，但在英 语中，通常adj.放在n.前（a beautiful ro
3、om)，而定 语从句则放在n.即先行词之后。*做定语从句时，必须先把主句确定下来。 e.g: Yesterday I saw a boy. He was having KFC happily.I saw the boy who was having KFC happily. 先行词关系代词，做主语 Q ：Can we use “whom” here?e.g: The person who/ whom Im looking for is a boy.关系代词， 作for的宾语*在指代人的情况下， 关系代词在从句中做宾语时 ，即可用who也可用whom. 而做主语时，则只用 who 如果指代物,则
4、用which,从句中可做主语/宾语: We are sitting in a classroom which is very big. The fish which we bought was not fresh. whose 所有格 “-的”， 可指代人/物的先行 词，但其后肯定要加一个n.,做定语 I saw a student. His handwriting is terrible. I saw a student whose handwriting was terrible.*I saw a book whose cover was dirty. 注意点： *关系代词在从句中作主语时
5、，从句的谓语动词单复数 由先行词决定。 The man who lives downstairs speaks English fluently. *大部分情况下，可用that代替which/ who/ whom,指代 人或物，而且在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，作宾语时 可省略 eg: She lived in the house which/that was built by my father. She was a teacher who/that taught us English. The student (whom /that) we saw just now is the best
6、student in our school. *关系代词在做从句主语时，不可以省去；而如果做从 句的宾语，则可以省去。关系代词关系代词 that 指代 人/物，在从句中做主/宾语 which 指代物，在从句中做主/宾语 who指代人，在从句中做主/宾语 whom代人，在从句中做宾语 whose指代人，在从句中做定语，后跟名词Antecedent SubjectObjectPossessiveNotepersonsA relative pronoun can be omitted when it is used as the object in an attributive clausethin
7、gsRelative pronouns used in attributive clauseswho/ thatwhom /who/ thatwhosewhich/ thatwhich/ thatwhose/of whichthat / which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略)Football is a game (that/ which is liked by most boys). The pen (that/ which he bought) is made in China.who / that指人, 作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）The boys (who/that are
8、playing football) are from class 3. Mr. Li is the person (who/that you talked about on the bus).关系代词用法：whom指人,作宾语 (可省略)，比who作宾语 更正式 The man (whom you met just now) is my friend .whose指人或物, 作定语 (不可省略)He has a friend. The friends father is a doctor. He has a friend (whose father is a doctor).I have re
9、ad the book (whose pictures I like very much).Exercise :P11 Part BExercise :P11 Part B It has many students who/ that are from different countries. English is the subject that/ which I like best. I admire most an American lady who/ that teaches us English. Our history teacher tells us stories that/
10、which are very interesting. I have a good friend whose name is Sally./ who is called Sally. The library is a place that/ which is quiet and comfortable.“That” is usually used in the following situations.I am sure she has nothing that you can get.Ive read every book that is borrowed from the library.
11、 This is the first book that he has read. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(1)当先行词是指物的不定代词everything, anything, nothing, something, all, little, few, much 等。 (2)当先行词被every, each, some, any, no, all, little, few, much等不定代词修饰时。(3)当先行词被序数
12、词（the first, the last, the second等）或形容词的最高级修饰时 (4) 先行词被the only, the very修饰时。Ive read all the books that are about this matter. 5.主句是以who,which 开头的特殊疑问句时 eg: Who is the boy that is looking after the sheep? Which of the letters that he wrote is the best? 6.当先行词既指人又指物时 eg He talked about the teachers
13、and schools that he had visited. 7.当先行词作定语从句中的表语时， eg: She is no longer the girl that she used to be. 注意点： 1.介词前置： 当关系代词在定语从句中做介词的宾语时，介词 可以前置，也可不前置。 I didnt know the man (that/ who/whom) you talked to. This is the question (which/ that) we have had so much discussion about.I didnt know the man to wh
14、om you talked.This is the question about which we have had so much discussion. 当介词提至关系代词前时， 指代人只用whom,指 代物， 只用which，不可以用that/ who。 如介词没有前置，则 指代人，who/ whom/ that 皆可； 指代物,which/ that 皆可。 若关系代词作一些不能拆开使用的及物动词短语 的宾语时，如look after, look for, take care of, pay attention to 等， 则 介词不能提前。 This is the book whic
15、h/ that Im looking for. 2.) 所以格转换：(指代物） I live in the room whose windows face south. I live in the room the windows of which face south. I live in the room of which the windows face south. 3.) one of + n. 做先行词，定语从句谓语动词用复 数 the（only) one of +n.做先行词， 定语从句谓 语动词用单数 This is one of the best books that were published last year. This is the only one of the best books that was published last year. 4. way 的用法 in the way 以这种方式 This is the way in which I do my homework. This is the way that I do my homework. This is the way / I do my homework. I dont like the way （in
