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1、Chapter ElevenGovernment Functions and Public Service 政府职职能与公共服务务Part I Background ReadingGovernment Work Report of 2014 Last year was the first year for this government to perform its functions in accordance with the law, and it had arduous tasks. We faced a complex environment: the world economic
2、recovery was difficult. In China, downward pressure on the economy increased, natural disasters occurred frequently, and there was an array of interrelated problems. However, the people of all of Chinas ethnic groups, under the leadership of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC
3、) with Comrade Xi as General Secretary, confidently met all challenges, strove to overcome difficulties, fully attained the main targets for economic and social development for the year, and made impressive achievements in reform and opening up and in the socialist modernization drive.The economy wa
4、s stable and improved. The gross domestic product (GDP) reached 56.9 trillion yuan, an increase of 7.7% over the previous year. The rise in the consumer price index (CPI) was kept at 2.6%. The registered urban unemployment rate was kept at 4.1% and 13.1 million urban jobs were created, an all-time h
5、igh. Total imports and exports exceeded US$4 trillion, reaching a new high. Personal income continued to rise, and economic performance continued to improve. The per capita disposable income of urban residents rose by 7% in real terms, and the per capita net income of rural residents rose by 9.3% in
6、 real terms. The number of rural people living in poverty was reduced by 16.5 million and the urban-rural income gap continued to narrow. The profits of industrial enterprises with annual revenue of 20 million yuan or more from their main business operations rose by 12.2%. Government revenue increas
7、ed by 10.1%.Progress was achieved in adjusting the economic structure. Grain output exceeded 600 million metric tons, increasing for the tenth consecutive year. The value-added of the service sector accounted for 46.1% of GDP, surpassing secondary industry for the first time. The proportion of the g
8、ross regional product of the central and western regions to Chinas GDP continued to rise, and development in different regions became better balanced. Chinas total electricity consumption increased by 7.5%, and the volume of freight transport rose by 9.9%. Main real physical indexes matched economic
9、 growth. Social programs developed vigorously. Progress was made in education, science and technology, culture, and health. The Shenzhou-10 spacecraft was sent into orbit. The Change-3 lunar lander successfully landed on the moon. The submersible Jiaolong broke the record for manned deep-sea dives.
10、All this shows that the Chinese people definitely have the ability and wisdom to achieve the objective of making the country more innovative.In the last year, we met more difficulties but delivered a better performance than expected. The economy and society developed both quantitatively and qualitat
11、ively, thus laying a good foundation for future development. These achievements encourage us to forge ahead and make further progress.Part II Interpretation Lead-inA. 重点词汇词汇 Vocabulary Preview 第一产业the primary industry 第二产业the secondary industry 第三产业 the tertiary-industry 产业结 构调整 industry structural
12、adjustment 中西部地区the central and western regions 签署自由贸易协定sign free trade agreements 财政赤字fiscal deficits 预算范围within the budgeted range 战略性新兴产业strategic emerging industries 产能过剩excess production capacity 宏观调控 macro-control 人均可支配收入 per capita disposable income 最低生活保障制度 minimum living security subsidy sy
13、stem 保障社会公平正义 guarantee social justice and fairness 保障基本生存权 uphold subsistence rights 城乡二元的医疗保险制度 the dual system of medical insurance 城乡人均收入比 urban-rural ratio in per capita income 城乡一体的社会保障体系 an integrated national social insurance system 财政资源和人力资源 fiscal and human resources 社会救助制度 social relief s
14、ystem 失业保险制度 unemployment insurance 基本医疗保险 basic medical insurance system 持续快速的经济增长 sustained and rapid economic growth 低保 minimum living security allowance 低成本劳动密集型制造业 low wage and labor-intensive manufacturing 低收入家庭 low-income households总体差距aggregate disparity 对口支援one-on-one assistance 改善民生improve
15、 peoples well-being 公共服务social / public service 公共福利标准public welfare criteria 公共教育经费public expenditure on education 公共就业服务public employment service 宏观经济调 控macroeconomic regulation and control 地方政府职能转变the transformation of localgovernment functions 改革创新监管方式reform and innovate ways of supervision 基层政府
16、建设the building of community-levelgovernments国内生产总值 gross domestic product (GDP) 居民消费价格涨幅the rise in the consumer price index (CPI) 城乡居民收入差距the urban-rural income gap“十连增”increase for the tenth consecutive year 财政收入 government revenue 扶贫alleviate poverty 企业职工养老保险pension insurance for workers in urban enterprises 社会养老保险制度old-age
