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1、 I摘摘 要要分析了数控技术和数控装备在装备制造业的地位，对 CM6132 精密车床的 进给系统的进给进行数控化改造，进行了数控化改造的总体方案设计。通过确 定基本系数、运动参数和动力参数，选择了滚珠丝杠和联轴器。改造后的机床 成本低，提高了加工精度、具有可观的经济效益。关键词：CM6132 数控化改造；滚珠丝杠；步进电机IIAbstractAnalysis of the numerical control technology and equipment in the equipment manufacturing industry status, the CM6132 precision
2、lathe feed for feeding system of NC transformation, for the NC transformation of the overall scheme design.By determining the basic factor, movement parameters and dynamic parameters, selection of the ball screw and coupling.After the transformation of the machine tool with low cost, high machining
3、precision, and has considerable economic benefit.Key Words：CM6132 NC transformation; ball screws; stepper motorIII目 录摘要I第 1 章 绪论 .1 1.1 选题的意义1 1.2 数控系统发展简史1 1.3 国内数控状况分析2 1.4 数控系统的发展趋势2 1.5 普通机床进行数控化改造的必要性3 第章 总体方案的设计 .4 2.1 计算参数和技术要求4 2.2 总体方案的拟定4 2.2.1 进给电机伺服系统的改造设计.5 2.2.2 联轴器.5 2.3 尺寸参数7 2.4 运动参
4、数7 2.5 动力参数8 2.5.1 计算电机功率.8 2.5.2 计算转速.9 第 3 章 进给系统的计算 .10 3.1 横向进给传动链的设计计算10 3.1.1 计算主切削力.10 3.1.2 计算各切削分力.10 3.2 导轨摩擦力的计算11 3.2.1 在切削状态下坐标导轨摩擦力的计算.11 3.2.2 在不切削状态下坐标轴导轨摩擦力的计算.12 3.3 计算滚珠丝杠螺母副的轴向负载力12 3.3.1 最大轴向负载力的计算.12 3.3.2 最小轴向负载力的计算.13 3.4 确定进给传动链的传动比和传动级数13IV3.5 滚珠丝杠的动载荷计算与直径估算14 3.5.1 估算滚珠丝杠
5、预期的额定动载荷.14 3.5.2 估算允许的滚珠丝杠的最大轴向变形.16 3.5.3 按精度确定允许的滚珠丝杠的最小螺纹底径.16 3.6 初步确定滚珠丝杠螺母副的精度等级17 3.7 确定滚珠丝杠螺母副的规格型号18 3.8 纵向进给系统的设计计算19 3.9 滚珠丝杠螺母副的承载能力校验19 3.9.1 滚珠丝杠螺母副临界压缩载荷的校验.19 3.9.2 滚珠丝杠螺母副临界转速的校验.20 3.10 滚珠丝杠螺母副额定寿命的校验21 3.11 计算机械传动系统的刚度22 3.11.1 计算机械传动系统的刚度.22 3.11.2 计算滚珠丝杠螺母副支承轴承的刚度.23 3.11.3 计算滚
6、珠与滚道的接触刚度.24 3.11.4 计算进给传动系统的综合拉压刚度.25 3.11 计算滚珠丝杠螺母副的扭转刚度25 第 4 4 章 驱动电动机的选型与计算 .27 4.1 计算折算到电动机轴上的负载惯量27 4.1.1 单个回转体零件的转动惯量的计算.27 4.1.2 折算到电动机轴上的移动部件的转动惯量.27 4.1.3 加在电动机上总的负载转动惯量的计算.28 4.2 计算折算到电动机轴上的负载力矩28 4.2.1 折算到电动机轴上的切削负载力矩的计算.28 4.2.2 折算到电动机轴上的摩擦负载力矩的计算.29 4.2.3 由滚珠丝杠预紧力产生的并折算到电动机轴上的负载力矩的 计算
7、.29 4.2.4 折算到电动机轴上的负载力矩的计算.30 4.3 计算折算到电动就轴上的加速力矩30 4.4 选择驱动电动机的型号31 4.4.1 选择驱动电动机的型号.31 4.4.2 确定最大静转矩.32V4.4.3 验算惯量匹配.32 第 5 5 章 机械系统的动态分析 .34 5.1 计算丝杠工作台纵向振动系统最低固有频率34 5.2 计算扭转振动系统的最低固有频率34 5.3 计算机械传动系统的反向死区35 5.4 机械传动系统由综合拉压刚度变化引起定位误差35 5.5 计算滚珠丝杠因扭转变形产生的误差36 5.5.1 扭矩引起的滚珠丝杠螺母副的变形量的计算.36 结论 .37 致
8、谢 .38 参考文献 .39VICONTENTSAbstract.I Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Topics significance.1 1.2 CNC system development history1 1.3 Domestic NC State Analysis2 1.4 CNC system development trend.2 1.5 Ordinary machine tool CNC transformation of the need .3 Chapter 2 The overall program design.4 2.1 Calculat
9、e parameters and technical requirements 4 2.2 Overall planning.4 2.2.1 Feed motor servo system reconstruction design .5 2.2.2 Couplings 5 2.3 The size parameter6 2.4 The motion parameters.7 2.5 The dynamic parameters.8 2.5.1 Calculate the motor power 8 2.5.2 Calculate the speed9 Chapter 3 Calculate
10、of the feed system.10 3.1 Traverse to the design of drive chain10 3.1.1 The calculation of the main cutting force10 3.1.2 Calculate the cutting force.10 3.2 The rail friction calculation 11 3.2.1 Calculate the coordinates of rail friction in cutting state.11 3.2.2 Axis without cutting state rail fri
11、ction calculation12 3.3 Alculate the ball screw pair of axial load force12 3.3.1 The maximum axial load force calculation.12 3.3.2 The minimum axial load power calculation13 3.4 Determine the feed drive chain gear ratio and transmission series 13VII3.5 The ball screw estimates.14 3.5.1 Estimate the
12、ball screw expected dynamic load rating14 3.5.2 Estimate allows the ball screw axial deformation.16 3.5.3 The precision to determine the smallest thread of the ball screw allow bottom diamete16 3.6 The preliminary to determine the accuracy class of the ball screw nut17 3.7 Determine the specificatio
13、n model of the ball screw nut .18 3.8 The vertical feed system design and calculation19 3.9 Dall screws for bearing capacity check19 3.9.1 The ball screw nut critical compression load calibration19 3.9.2 The critical speed of the ball screw nut checksum20 3.10 Dall screw pair rated life Check 21 3.1
14、1 Calculate the mechanical transmission system of stiffness22 3.11.1 Calculate the mechanical transmission system of stiffness.22 3.11.2 Calculate the stiffness of the ball screw nut supporting bearing.23 3.11.3 Calculate the contact stiffness of the ball and the raceway.24 3.11.4 Calculate the feed
15、 drive system integrated tension and compression stiffness 25 3.11 Calculate the torsional stiffness of the ball screw nut25 Chapter 4 drive motor selection and calculation.27 4.1 The calculation of commuted to the motor shaft load moment of inertia 27 4.1.1 A single rotary part of the moment of ine
16、rtia calculation .27 4.1.2 The moment of inertia of moving parts, converted to motor shaft27 4.1.3 Increase the total load on the motor rotation inertia calculation.28 4.2 Calculate the load torque converted to motor shaft28 4.2.1 Converted to a motor shaft of the cutting load torque calculation28 4.2.2 Converted motor shaft
