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1、Your Subtitle Goes Here英国部分专八复习大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国The Union JackThe National Emblem天佑女王The National flower the capitalLanguages used in BritainThe commonwealth: Commonwealth of NationsBritish Empire: The geographic and political units formerly under British control, including dominions, colonies, dependen
2、cies, trust territories, and protectorates. At the height of its power in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it encompassed territories on all continents, comprising about one quarter of the worlds land area and population.英联邦成员共54个 -53个安提瓜和巴布达、澳大利亚、巴哈马、孟加拉国、巴 巴多斯、伯利兹、博茨瓦纳、文莱、喀麦隆、加拿大 、塞浦路斯、多米尼加
3、联邦、冈比亚、加纳、格林纳 达、圭亚那、印度、牙买加、肯尼亚、基里巴斯、南 非、莱索托、马拉维、马来西亚、马尔代夫、马耳他 、毛里求斯、莫桑比克、纳米比亚、瑙鲁、新西兰、 尼日利亚、巴布亚新几内亚、圣基茨与尼维斯、圣卢 西亚、圣文森特和格林纳丁斯、萨摩亚、塞舌尔、塞 拉利昂、新加坡、所罗门群岛、斯里兰卡、斯威士兰 、坦桑尼亚、汤加、特立尼达和多巴哥、图瓦卢、乌 干达、英国、瓦努阿图、赞比亚、巴基斯坦、卢旺达 。 Ben Nevis the Pennine ChainThe Pennine Chain- Backbone of England Important riversclimateMid
4、-latitude oceanic climate Plentiful precipitation throughout the year Temperature variations throughout the year are relatively small.LondonFamous sight spots in London:英国历史1、封建时代以前1) Early settlers: Iberians-6000 B.C. Bellicose Celtic tribes-2000 B.C. Three waves of invasion from the CeltsGaels 700
5、 B.C.Britons 500B.C.Belgae 100 B.C.2) The Roman period (55B.C.-410A.D.)Real conquest began in 43 A.D. Major influence: Its system of roads, Church Language and culture-not successful Influence-urban areas + aristocracy Vast majority-untouched3) Anglo-Saxon periodIn the middle of the 5th century, Ang
6、lo-Saxons settled here. English people owe much of their tradition, language, physical heritage to them (tall, fair- haired). Viking invasion: by the 8th, the Danish began to invade England in a successful way until Alfred the Great defeated them.4) The Norman ConquestAfter Edward died, Duke of Norm
7、andy-William I, was crowned in London, on Christmas Day 1066. Significance: A. A new dynasty, a new aristocracy B. A strong Norman government, feudal system C. The upper ranks of the clergy were Normanized and feudalized.2、封建时代1)Williams rule(1066-1087)A. strong monarchy was establishedB. French lan
8、guage was used in the court and upper classesC. Domesday Book: great survey of the realm in 1089 2) Henry s reform (1154-1189)A. Established the Plantagenet Dynasty (1154-1485)B. replaced the feudal law with royal or common law, the jury of 12 sworn men3) Magna Carta (the Great Charter) in 1215A. si
9、gned by king JohnB. the basis of modern English constitutionC. the upholding of individual rights against arbitrary government4) the parliament in 1265A. during Henry , Simon de Montfort called the first parliamentB. commoners sat for the first time5) the Hundred Years War (1337- 1453)A. between Fra
10、nce and England, French won B. introduced the first standing armies in Western EuropeC. bourgeoisie was pushed on a higher rang of social ladderD. fall of French language in EnglandE. England and France was separate from each other entirely forever6) The back death in 1348A. spread by rat fleasB. ki
11、lled 1.5 million out of the total 4 million peopleC. grain farming turned to sheep farming 7) Wat Tylers Uprising in 1381A. in fighting against the Poll Tax in 1380B. marked the beginning of the end of serfdom in medieval England8) The war of the RosesA. between House of York (white rose) and House
12、of Lancaster (red rose)B. Marked the end of middle ages and beginning of modern world3. 走向现代英国1）Henry （1509-1547）A. the Church of England separated from Roman CatholicismB. king of England became both the secular and religious worldC. king became the real head of England as a nation state2) Elizabet
13、h (1558-1603)A. the last Tudor monarch, never got married for the good of the nationB. secure the church of England, compromise between RC and PC. destruction of Spanish Armada showed Englands superiority as a naval power3) The English Renaissance A. from the beginning of 16th century to the 17th ce
14、nturyB. the greatest English humanist: The greatest English humanistThomas More (Utopia)finest dramatistsChristopher Marlowe, Ben Johnson, William Shakespearenon-dramatic poetsEdmund Spenser, Philip Sidney, Shakespeare and John Donne, John Milton (Paradise Lost)progenitor of English materialismFranc
15、is Bacon4) The civil wars (1642-1651) A. parliamentary victory 1651 B. execution of Charles I 1649 C. Protectorate (1653-1659) Oliver Cromwell and his son 5) Restoration (1660) Charles returns with a big welcome and was crowned in April 1660, as the restoration of Stewart Dynasty 6)Glorious Revoluti
16、on(1688) A. James was overthrown by parliamentarians with an invading army led by the Dutch stadtholder William of Orange B. Bill of Rights, autocratic monarchy-constitutional monarchy C. marked the end of feudalism and the beginning of capitalism Britain came into being in 1707 with the Act of Union which united England and Scotland. 7)W
