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1、 Water ResourcesandWater ProblemsHe canchao2010.6.91Click to add Title2Click to add Title3Click to add Title4The themes for World Water Day 2010 Communicating Water Quality Challenges and Opportunities2009 Shared water-shared opportunities2008 Water sanitation2007 Coping with water scarcity2006 Wate
2、r and culture2005 Water for life2004 Water and disasters2003 Water for the future2002 Water for development2001 Water for the 21st century 2000 Water and health1999 Everyone lives downstream1998 Ground water-invisible resource1997 Water scarce1996 Water for thirsty cities1995 Women and water 1994 Ca
3、ring for our water resources is everyones businessSeawater Saltwater Freshwater Glaciers Underground fresh water Other freshwaterA common explanation is that even though there is a lot of water on Earth, only about 2.5% is fresh water, and because most of that water is stored as glaciers or deep gro
4、undwater, only a small amount of water is easily accessible.Fig.1 The world water resourcesOverview of the worlds water resourcesFig.2 Global Hydrological CyclesHowever, unlike oil, water circulates, forming closed hydrologic cycles. The amount of water will not diminish on shorter than geological t
5、ime scales. Given this background, how could water scarcity become a widespread reality within a few decades ?The population grow significantly The rapid development of society The uneven distribution of freshwater in time and space Weak awareness of water conservation More and more water is pollute
6、dWhen the expenditure of water is accounted for 2.5% of household income, people will consider the issue of water conservation.If it reached 5%, peoples lives will be affected greatly. When it reached10%, people will consider water reuse.Currently, over 40% of the worlds rivers are polluted to varyi
7、ng degrees.Over one billion people in the world lack access to safe water supplies. Roughly two-million people die each year of diarrhea caused by infectious water-borne diseases; roughly 70%(1.4 million) are children (WWAP 2009). Overview of water resources in China China is one of countries which
8、are serious drought and water shortage. Chinese freshwater resources is 2.8 trillion cubic meters total. It accounts for 6% of global water resources. It ranks sixth in the world, after Brazil, Russia, Canada, the United States and Indonesia. However, only 2,200 cubic meters per capita, its only 1 /
9、 4 of the world average and 1 / 5 of the United States. It ranked 121 in the world. China is one of 13 countries which the number of per capita water resources are the poorest in worldwide. water resources of china Water Shortage Water Pollution Water Shortage Natural factors Topography, geology and
10、 climate differences The northern arable land and population are more than the southern. However, the southern water resources more than the northern. Human factors Human activites ，the sense of crisis, lifestyle and habits, Chinas drought conditions in recent years 2010 the five provinces of Southw
11、est 2004 HAINAN 2007 Changsha 2006 QINGHAI 2007 HEILONGJIANG 2007 GUANGDONG 2008 ANHUI 2008 HEBEI, HENAN, SHANXI, SHANDONG, HUBEI and SHANXIWater Pollution Sources of pollution and wastewater quantity is increasingAccording to the environmental department of the national rivers， lakes and reservoirs
12、 of water quality monitoring，we know that the water body of the Chinese major river systems have been polluted to varying degrees in recent years，because of industrial wastewater and urban sewage discharged and other reasons.Seven Major River Systems in Emergency ! There are difficulties in wastewater treatmentthe number of WWTP is insufficient：661 Cities，364 WWTPOperational issues： management and technology issues，the issues of Wastewater collection，running costs
