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1、Infinitive(动词不定式)1. 作主语 2. 作宾语 3. 作宾语补足语4. 作定语5. 作状语 6. 作表语7. 作独立成分 8. 与疑问词等连用独立充分-插入语to be frank, （坦率地说）to tell ( you ) the truth,to be honest;To make things worse;= worse stillTo sum up;To conclude;= in conclusion=all in all= in short= in a nutshell=in a wordTo some extent,(在某种程度上)but / except/ be
2、sides 后的不定式.I could do nothing but _(wait) until he came back.有do无to，有 to无 doShe has no choice but _(wait) for the news.There was nothing she could do but _(cry).关于不定式中的小品词to (1).不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要省略该动词.eg: Would you like to go with me ? Id like to .(2). 不定式是to be 结构或含有助动词have时,be,have 不可省.eg: Would
3、you like to be a teacher?Id like to be.1.Tom kept quiet about the accidentlose his job.A so not as to B so as not toC so as to not D not so as to2.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to主动形式表被动意义的不定式E.g. The questi
4、on is very difficult to answer.The problem is difficult to deal with. 主语be +adj. +to do 能用于此句型的形容词有：difficult ,easy, comfortable ,fit, hard, pleasant, tiresome(使人疲 劳的) ,interesting, nice , light, heavy, dangerous, , important, etc.1.玛利仿佛已经告诉这件事了。 Mary seemed _. 2.众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。 He is known _ a
5、gold medal at the Olympics. 3. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.A. to be taken B. to takeC. being taken D. takingAto have been told about itto have been given一.结构 : to do (否定) not/never to do 二. 时态与语态 主动语态动语态被动语态动语态一般式进进行式完成式完成进进行式不定式to do to be doneto be doing to have done to ha
6、ve beendone to have been doing-1.动词不定式作主语(Subject) To love animals is to love ourselves. To see is to believe. =seeing is believing. 爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。 To love and to be loved are both great happiness. 若不定式太长,往往用it作形式主语,不定式置后. To learn English is interesting. = It is interesting to learn English .单个不定式作主语
7、时,谓语动词用单数Its unwise ofof them them to turn down the proposal.It was careless of of herher to make such a mistake. It is convenient for us to chat online using the Internet.动词不定式作宾语 (Object)e.g. He cant afford to go to college.I hope to be praised by my parents.我认为学习英语是必要的I think it necessary to lear
8、n English.在feel, think ,find ,make, consider等+ it +adj./n. （for sb） to do sth/ that 从句I find it our responsibility to heal the earth.I consider it essential to have a knowledge of first aid.1.afford, aim, appear, agree, arrange, ask, choose, decide, demand, desire, expect, fail, hope, happen, hesita
9、te, intend, learn, long, manage, offer, plan, pretend, promise, prefer, prepare, refuse, seem, wish,want, threaten等 2.like, hate, start, begin, try, mean, consider, regret, want, need, require, continue,mind, miss, excuse, enjoy, escape mind, miss, excuse, enjoy, escape considerconsider, , admit(adm
10、it(承认承认) )，advise, appreciate=enjoyadvise, appreciate=enjoy（欣赏（欣赏 ）, avoid, finish, face, practise, suggest, , avoid, finish, face, practise, suggest, delaydelay （延迟）（延迟）, imagine, include, keep, , imagine, include, keep, quit,quit, resist( resist( 抵抗抵抗), risk), risk（冒险）（冒险）, , understandunderstand,
11、 , advocateadvocatebebe used used to, be accustomed to,to, be accustomed to, look forward to look forward to （期望）（期望）, , object toobject to, , be opposed tobe opposed to, pay, pay attention to, get down to ,make contributionattention to, get down to ,make contributions s to,contribute to,to,contribu
12、te to, be devotedbe devoted to, to, be beneficial be beneficial to, the way/key to, the approach toto, the way/key to, the approach to , lead to, , lead to, apply oneself toapply oneself to动名词作宾语动名词作宾语be reduced to; adjust (oneself) to;have access to;make a/ some /all difference to;be addicted to疑问词
13、+不定式作宾语.Im worrying about what to do next.Marx gave some advice on how to learn a foreign language.sb to do sth（主语通常是人）need want require doing (= to be done主语通常是物)My clothes need washing.作表语-predictive 用作表语的不定式一般表示主语的内容My wish is to become an engineer.He seems to have known the truth. 不定式常用在系动词be, s
14、eem, appear, get, remain等后作表语如果主语部分有个表示不定式内容 的do，用作表语的不定式省略toAll you have to do is _(press) the button.The only thing I can do is (to) give you as much help as I can.做定语(常常表示将来的动作)She was very busy and had no time to visit her friends.Ladies and gentlemen, I have something important to tell you .当名词
15、被the first ,the last,the only 等序数词以及形容词最高级 修饰时，常用不定式作定语，而不管动作是否已完成He is the only person to know the truth.She is always the first to come and the last to leave.比较下列两句： ）I have something to wash . ）“Do you have anything to be washed ?”asked my mum. (他人代为)She has a lot of things to attend_. Please pass me some paper to write _. Theres nothing for us to worry _. She has a nice pen to write _. He bought a flat for the family to live _.作宾补ask sb to dowish, desire, expect, encourage, mean, lead, cause;require; request, persuade,
