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1、Unit 3 Ships in the DesertBy Al GorenTeaching Points: nI. Background information nII. Introduction to the passagenIII. Text analysisnIV. Rhetorical devicesnV. Special difficultiesnVI Questions for discussionnI. Background Information n 1. Al Gore the author :US Former Vice President (1948- ) More Hi
2、larious Al Gore Quotes and Blunders 1) “I am not part of the problem. I am a Democrat.“ -Vice President Al Gore 2) “A low voter turnout is an indication of fewer people going to the polls.“ - Vice President Al Gore 3) “Illegitimacy is something we should talk about in terms of not having it.“ - Vice
3、 President Al Gore, 5/20/996 4) “Democrats understand the importance of bondage between a mother and child”-Vice President Al Goren2. Clean Air Act : See note 5 on page 40.n 3. The Aral Sea: See note 2 on page 40.Shrinking Sea in the Desert: The Aral Sea (威海) The Aral sea was the fourth largest lake
4、 in the world However, the water of the Aral Sea is currently declining rapidly, and its area is shrinking year-by-year. Around 1989, it was divided into the small Aral Sea on the north side and the large Aral Sea on the south side. Moreover, the large Aral Sea is soon going to be divided into easte
5、rn and western parts.Image 1 depicts the Aral Seaon November 16, 1996 and Image 2 depicts that of October 14, 2003. We can readily see that the outline of the lake has drastically changed during the last seven years Image 1 image2nII. Introduction to the Passage n 1. Type of literature: - a piece of
6、 exposition n2. The purpose of a piece of exposition: - to inform or explain n 3. Ways of developing the thesis of a piece of exposition: n - comparison, contrast, analogy, identification, illustration, analysis, definition, etc. n 4. The central thought or thesis :nIII . Effective Writing Skills n
7、1. making effective use of specific verbs n2. discussing the solution to environmental problems from a politicians point of view, that is, relating the solution to environmental destruction to the solution to arm races nIV . Rhetorical Devices n1. understatement n2. metaphor nV. Special Difficulties
8、 n1. analyzing the structure of some long and complicated sentences n2. understanding the scientific matters connected with ecological environment n3. translating long and complicated sentences n4. mastering the rules of word formationnVI Text Analysis.nBackground:nGlobal Temperature Change( 1880-20
9、00)nThe Cause and Effect of Global Warming：Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have increased nearly 30%, methane concentrations have more than doubled, and nitrous oxide concentrations have risen by about 15%. These increases have enhanced
10、the heat-trapping capability of the earths atmosphere. nThe Impact of Global Warming 1.Rising global temperatures are expected to raise sea level, and change precipitation and other local climate conditions. 2.Changing regional climate could alter forests, crop yields, and water supplies. It could a
11、lso affect human health, animals, and many types of ecosystems. The dominant cause of change in the global environment :Human CivilizationTwo key factors that define the reality of our relationship to the earth：1. Human population ( surge)2. The scientific and technological revolutionnConclusion :Th
12、e common cause of the environmental destruction: the new relationship between human civilization and the earth natural balancenVI Text Analysis.nSection 1: (para.1-6)nPara.1n1.1. capable of processing a fifty-ton catch on a good day.n catch: n. the amount caught.nCapable of: having the ability of;nT
13、o process: to prepare by a special method.nParaphrase:-having the ability of cleaning and preparing for marketing or canning 50 tons of fish caught on a productive day.n1.2.We were anchored in what used to be the most productive fishing site in all of central Asia, but as I looked out over the bow,
14、the prospects of a good catch looked bleak.nAnchor: v. to prevent a boat from moving by dropping its anchor into the waternBleak: adj.1).without anything to make you feel cheerful or hopeful e.g. -a bleak outlook/prospect/future 暗淡的前景 2) Gloomy and somber; dreary 暗淡的和昏暗的；阴郁的 e.g. -“Life in the Aran
15、Islands has always been bleak and difficult” (John Millington Synge)“艾伦群岛的生活一直是困苦不堪的”(约翰米林顿辛格) 3).Cold and cutting; 寒冷和刺骨的；阴冷的： e.g.-bleak winds of the North Atlantic. 北大西洋的冷风 The prospects of a good catch looked bleak: it was not at all possible to have a good catch, to catch a large amount of fish
16、. (understatement)Understatement: n.少说 (有保留地陈述)A figure of speech consisting of an understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by negating its opposite, as in This is no small problem. That sentence is obviously an understatement because with sand all around there was no chance of catching fish, to say nothi
