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1、美国饮食文化The eating culture of Americav 美国的餐饮多元化，大城市中有世界各地风味的 餐馆。欧洲餐厅以法国和意大利餐馆为主，这些 地方环境很好，价格也较高；中餐馆遍布全美， 以广东餐馆为主，多售卖海鲜类菜肴，价格适中 ；其他还有日本、印度、中东、拉美和东南亚餐 馆。比较富有美国当地特色的则是快餐，如以麦 当劳为代表的汉堡包餐厅、以肯德基为代表的炸 鸡餐厅，此外还有出售披萨、三明治和热狗的快 餐店。在正规餐厅里就餐后要付1020%的小费 ，而在快餐厅里就不必付小费了。总体来说，吃 快餐比较节省开支。 饮食文化vThe species of food 食物种类Eat
2、ing Custom and Practice 用餐 习惯Fast Food 快餐食品vFast-food chains， American-style， are currently on the increase all over the worldMost of these places work on a similar principle There is a long counter ， above which is displayed a list（often with pictures） of the items available， and behind which sever
3、al people（often students working for the minimum wage）are serving Individual queues form in front of each assistant vYou receive what you order more or less immediately and take it on a tray to a table， picking up thing like straws（吸管）， pepper ， salt， ketchup（蕃茄酱），pickles（泡菜） and napkins（usually pap
4、er napkins） on the wayIf you cant see any knives and forks ， this means you are supposed to eat with your handsIf you cant see any straws， thats because they are hiding in the straw dispenser （分配器） that you have to fiddle（拨弄） with the bottom of it to get a straw（one at a time） to emergeWhen youve fi
5、nished， you yourself throw away everything except the tray vMany fast-food places have drive-in facilities You place your order from your car via （ 通过） a microphone and then drive round to a special window to pay and pick it up You may even encounter places where a waitress bring your meal out， and
6、you sit and eat it in the car from a tray hooked over the door through the open windowvYou may be asked if your order is “for here” or “to go ”（ieto take away）In some states there is no sales tax on food consumedChips 油炸土豆片vChips in America are called “French fries” or “fries ”for short（Note that in
7、 the USA “ chips” mean crisps） “French fries” are normally thinner than chipsAmericans generally put ketchup on their chips ，and you will not normally find vinegar（醋）Pizzas（意大利式）烘焰饼vThere are many specialty pizza restaurants in America， and many of them take telephone orders and deliver pizzas to yo
8、ur home， which can often be convenientThey come in different sizes， and a large one can be big enough for a party of four peopleIf you want to share a pizza but cant agree on the ingredients ， it is possible to order two different sets of toppings ，one set on each halfIce-Cream 冰淇淋vShops selling lar
9、ge number of different flavors of ice-cream are very common in America If you are not sure what flavor ( 味道) you want ，generally you can sample a small spoonful of a particular flavor to see if you like it You can either have your ice-cream in a “plain cone”（普通型锥形物） or in a “sugar cone”（ 甜脆型锥形物）Soft
10、 Drinks 软饮料vFast-food restaurants do not serve alcohol The soft drinks most often sold are Coca-Cola and PepsiCola， plus fizzy drinks （which are like lemonade）and root beer （which is like cough medicine）Fizzy drinks are known as “carbonated beverages”（碳酸饮料） or ， more colloquially，“soda”，“pop”，“soda
11、pop”，and “soft drinks”vAll these drinks come with lost of ice In fact ， you will probably find as much ice as drink in your drinkIf you ask for a soft drink without ice， they will think you are funny but will probably oblige（They may charge you a bit extra， for ice is cheaper than Coke） vThe Big App
12、le：来到美国，说到吃，肯定很多人的第一个反应是 The Big Apple，不过千万别误会，这可是你吃不了的苹果，它其实 是纽约市的“昵称”。如果你旅游的目的地是The Big Apple，那我们 可要说Congratulations（恭喜）了，那可是个美食之都。vHero：首先，你该到饭店去点一份hero。别担心，服务生不会当你 是“吃英雄”的疯子。Hero是纽约人管大个儿意大利潜水艇三明治的叫 法。当然，如果你一下子吃了十个Heroes，可能别人就会说话了： “Look at that strange gal！Shes really out in left field！”这里， out
13、in left field 专门用来形容那些古怪或者是莫名其妙的人。vSurf nTurf：当然，美食并不只是在纽约才有，如果你有兴趣，不妨 到“天使之城”洛杉矶逛一圈，Surf nTurf就是一种在洛杉矶非常普及 的美食，其中主食是海鲜及牛排，可能会比较贵，但还有很多叫 “dives”的便宜餐厅，你可以以合理的价格买到这种美食。vTaco Stand：Taco Stand是另一种在洛杉矶及附近的加州城市都很 常见的美食，tacos来自于拉丁美洲，但在美国加州也非常的流行。 “stand”是一种街边小摊，你可以在那儿买到一些速食。一般这要比 McDonalds（麦当劳）或是Burger Kin
14、g（汉堡王）那样的速食连锁 店要便宜，但是食物要可口的多哦！ vFranks：在美国的街头，你经常会碰到一些Street vendors（街头小 贩）高嚷着“Franks”，这时候你可千万别以为他们在寻找名叫Frank 的人，Franks在这里是“热狗”的意思。这些小贩就正在Selling Hot dogs（卖热狗）。v到餐厅点荷包蛋的讲法是 sunny side up, 因为荷包蛋看起来是不是 很样一个小学生画的太阳? v Eating Custom and Practice 用餐习惯vAmerican eating is funny. They eat almost everything
15、with a fork, and it appears that holding a knife in ones right hand longer than a few seconds is considered to be against good table manners.vThe system is that if it is absolutely necessary to use a knife, people take the fork in their left hand, and cut off a piece of meat or whatever it is in the
16、 normal manner. Then they put the knife down, transfer the fork to their right hand, and only then do they transport the food to their mouth. This is clearly ludicrous(滑稽可 笑), but it is considered good manners.vThere are several results of this system. First, if it is not absolutely necessary to use a knife, Americans dont use one, because obviously this greatly com
