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1、Chapter 6Objectives the different modes of transport, esp. ocean transport the nature of liner transport general considerations on cargo transport the various kinds of B/L the contents of the transport clauseFocusThe time of deliveryShipment termsDifficult pointsApplication of transport documents国 际
2、 贸 易 实 务 第6章Modes of transport ( ocean transport)Transport documents16.1. Modes of Transport6.2. General Considerations on Cargo Transport6. 3. Major Transport Documents6.4. Clause of Shipment 2 Chapter SixChapter SixvWhat are the major types of transportation? vCan you describe the advantages and d
3、isadvantages of the modes of transportation you have mentioned?vWhat should we consider when choosing a certain mode of transportation? 34OverviewTransport aids trade greatly. By moving goods from places in one country where they are sold to places in another where they are bought, transport helps t
4、o bring about the realization of a transaction. Transport is indispensable to import and export business. In international trade, both the seller and the buyer should negotiate and stipulate the terms and conditions of the shipment clause, such as shipment date, port of shipment and destination, par
5、tial shipment, transshipment, etc. Without specific stipulations of the shipment clause in the sales contract, some disputes would arise from the performance of the sales contract and lead to serious outcome. The concept of The concept of deliverydeliveryThe seller delivers the contracted goods at t
6、he agreed time, place and in the agreed manner to the buyer. In international trade, the delivery also means to transport the necessary documents at the stipulated time to the buyer. The former is called physical delivery of goods, which is applied in sales under E terms and D terms, while the later
7、 is called symbolic delivery of goods, which is applied in the sales under F terms and D terms.56.1. Modes of Transport (International Cargo Transportation)Inland Trans.Water Trans. Container Trans. River-seaCostal Trans. Combined Sea Trans. Inshore Trans. Trans. Land Bridge Trans. Ocean-going Trans
8、.ICT Intl Multimodal Trans.Rail Trans.Land Trans.Air Trans. Road Trans.Pipe Trans. Postal Trans.6(1) Features of ocean transport (2) Operational modes of ocean transport (3) Freight Rates71. Ocean/Sea/Marine TransportFeatures of Ocean Transport Advantages: The easy passage since about 70% of the ear
9、th is covered by water. Large capacity. The unit distribution cost reduced. Good adaptability to cargoes of different size, weight, shape, etc. Disadvantages: The low passage of ocean transport. Vulnerable to bad weather and less punctual compared with road or air transport.81) Liner Transport（班轮运输）
10、A passenger or cargo vessel that operates over a regular route according to an advertised time-table. Features fixed route, ports, schedule and relatively fixed freight loading and unloading charges included in freight simple procedures and ideal for cargo of small quantityTypes of Shipping Services
11、92) Charter Transport 租船运输（Tramp Shipping)不定期船运输The practice of paying money to a shipping company to use their boats. Much cheaper than that of the liner. Shippers may choose direct route. Widely used in transporting bulk cargoes.10Charter TransportVoyage Charter Time CharterBareboat Charter.The ch
12、arter or hiring of a vessel and crew for a single voyagesingle trip charter单航次租船 return trip charter来回程航次租船 consecutive voyages 连续航次程租The charter of a ship for a definite period of time. The ship owner is responsible for providing seaworthy ship and the related charges. The renter has the right to d
13、ispatch the ship, but bear all expenditures in transit, such as charges for fuels, port and loading 8.6 X 8 X 40(IAA); 8 X 8 X 20 (IC)29Container TransportContainerization offers: a door to door service under FCL/FCL（整装整拆 ）, door to container freight station (CFS) service under FCL/LCL（整装拼拆） CFS to
14、CFS service under LCL/LCL（拼装拼拆） CFS to door service under LCL/FCL （拼装整拆） 30Container Freight v Based on container capacity/origin and destination of the merchandisev Inland transportation cost is includedv Based on the type of commodityv For LCL, each commodity is charged separately for the freight
15、31International Multi-modal TransportvAt least two modes of transportvOne contract, one transport document, one operator, one freight ratevUse of containers Advantages High efficiency Good quality Cost and time saving Economy and simplicity of documentation326.2. General Considerations on Cargo Transport(1） Reliability (2）Speed and Frequency (3）Cost336.3 Major Transport DocumentsvBill of ladingvConsignment note (for Rail and Road)
