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1、定语从句定语从句 概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子. (Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语句子作定语,修饰girl, 叫做定语从句1.The man is a farmer.2.The man is speaking at the meeting.合并句子:The man who is speaking at the meeting is a farmer.Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子Mary is a g
2、irl who has long hair.先行词关系词定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系副词which, who, whom, whose, thatWhere, when 定语从句的用法: 当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.These are the trees which were planted last year. 当先行词是人时, 用who, whom,whose, that引导. who, whom, whose, that用法区别. who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.The man who is speaking
3、at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解作主语 Whom 作定语从句的宾语The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解作宾语 whose 作定语从句的定语.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解I know the girl.The girls mothe
4、r is a teacher.作定语 that 可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.注意: 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.The woman (whom/ that) they wanted to visit is a teacher. 下列情况只能用that1.当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先 行词时。eg. Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.2. 当先行词是指物的 little,few,much,any,all,anything,somet hing,nothing,none,the one, everything, 等不定代词时。eg. E
5、verything we saw in the film was OK.eg. Everything we saw in the film was OK.eg. All that I can do has been done. eg. All that I can do has been done. 3.3.当先行词被当先行词被all,little,few,much,any,every,noall,little,few,much,any,every,no等修等修 饰时饰时eg. I have eaten all the food that is left.eg. I have eaten al
6、l the food that is left. 4. 4. 当先行词是当先行词是There be There be 句型中的主语且指物时。句型中的主语且指物时。eg. There is little work that is fit for you.eg. There is little work that is fit for you.没有什么工作适合你做。没有什么工作适合你做。5.5.当先行词同时包括人或物时。当先行词同时包括人或物时。eg. We often talk about the people and the eg. We often talk about the people
7、 and the things that we are interested in.things that we are interested in.我们常常谈论我们感兴趣的人或事。我们常常谈论我们感兴趣的人或事。 6.6.当主句是当主句是whowho或或whichwhich时。时。eg. Who is the girl that has eg. Who is the girl that has blackblack long hair? long hair?eg .Which is the pen that you bought? eg .Which is the pen that you
8、bought?7.7.当先行词作主句的表语时。当先行词作主句的表语时。 eg .China is not the country that used to.eg .China is not the country that used to.中国不再是过去那样的国家。中国不再是过去那样的国家。 eg .Iteg .It s a sunny day that we are longing for.s a sunny day that we are longing for.这就是我们所渴望的晴天。这就是我们所渴望的晴天。 8.8.当先行词被当先行词被the only, the very, the s
9、ame, the only, the very, the same, the last the last等修饰时。等修饰时。eg. This is the very beautiful girl that Ieg. This is the very beautiful girl that I m m looking for.looking for.这正是我一直在寻找的漂亮女孩这正是我一直在寻找的漂亮女孩. . eg. Thateg. That s the only thing that I can do now.s the only thing that I can do now. eg. Y
10、ou are the last person that I meet eg. You are the last person that I meet here.here.你是我在这儿遇见的最后一个人。你是我在这儿遇见的最后一个人。1. 1. I have a friend _ likes I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.listening to classical music.who/thatwhich/thatwhose3. The man _ leg broke in amatch used to be a foot
11、ball player.2. Yesterday Emily was wearing thenew dress _ I gave her.4. My parents live in a house_is more than 100 years old.5. The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.which/thatwhom6. Kevin is reading a book _is too difficult for him.which/that7. Is there anything _ you want to buy in the town.8.A
12、ll _ we can do is to study hard.9. The first one _ stands up is alittle boy.thatthatthat1.这就是救了那个孩子命的医生.This is the doctor who saved the boys life. 2.正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔.The man who is running is my uncle.3. 我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐.I like the music that I can sing along with.4. 住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师.The woman who lives nex
13、t door is a teacher. 修饰物体时关系代词修饰物体时关系代词thatthat和和 whichwhich的区分的区分 使用使用thatthat的情况：的情况： 1 1、当先行词是、当先行词是nothing, something, anything, all, nothing, something, anything, all, eacheach等不定代词时。等不定代词时。 eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell eg. Do you have anything that is important to tell me
14、?me? 2 2、当先行词被、当先行词被all, any, some, no, not, every, all, any, some, no, not, every, eacheach等修饰时。等修饰时。 eg. I have some books that are very good.eg. I have some books that are very good. 3 3、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。、当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词所修饰时。 eg. This is the first book that I bought myself.eg. This is the firs
15、t book that I bought myself. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. The biggest bird that I caught is this bird. 4 4、当先行词被、当先行词被the very, the last, the next, the only the very, the last, the next, the only 等词修饰时。等词修饰时。 eg. This is the very book that I lost yesterday.eg. This is the very book t
16、hat I lost yesterday. 5 5、当先行词又有人又有物时、当先行词又有人又有物时。 eg. I woneg. I won t forget the things and the persons that t forget the things and the persons that I saw.I saw. 只能使用只能使用whichwhich的情况。的情况。 1 1、非限制性定语从句中、非限制性定语从句中。 eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious.eg. Mary has a book, which is very precious. 2 2、在介词之后、在介词之后。 eg
