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1、英文阅读 Comprehension第三讲：英文阅读Management in an organization can be in different levels. The larger the organization the more levels of management will be needed. In general, first-line managers are directly responsible for the production of goods or services. They may be called sales managers, section h
2、eads, or production supervisors, depending on the organization. Employees who report to them do the organizations basic production workwhether of goods or services. 1. The larger the more ：越 越Unit 24 Company Management2. in general: 总的来说 3. be responsible for: 对负责 4. depend on ：取决于 5. whetheror: 无论还
3、是 。 此处为省略句，让步 状语从句This level of management is the link between the operations of each department and the rest of the organization. First-line mangers in most companies spent little time with higher management or with people from other organizations. Most of their time is spent with the people they s
4、upervise and with other first-line managers. First-line managers usually need strong technical expertise to teach subordinates and supervise their day- to-day tasks.Unit 24 Company Management3. day-to-day: 日常的 1. the link between ：越 越 2. higher: 更高一级的As an organization grows, however, so do its prob
5、lems. Some managers at larger organizations must focus on coordinating employee activities, determining which products or services to provide, and deciding how to market these products or services to customers. These are the problems of middle managers, who receive broad, general strategies and poli
6、cies from top managers and translate them into to specific goals and plans for first-line managers to implement. 1. so do its problems：倒装。表示后者和前者一样Unit 24 Company Management2. focus on : 集中于 3. broad: 大概的 4. translateinto ：把转化为 5. for sb. to do: 不定式复合结构，常作后置定语或状 语Middle managers typically have title
7、s such as department heads, plant manager and director of finance. They are responsible for directing and coordinating the activities of first-line managers. Middle managers spend much of their time planning, organizing and leading to enable first-line managers and their subordinates to work as effi
8、ciently as possible.1. such as：比如Unit 24 Company Management2. spenddoing : 固定结构。 花时间或金钱做 3. asas possible: 尽可能地 The overall direction of an organization is the responsibilities of top managers. Typical titles of top managers are chief executive officer, president, executive -president and so on. Top
9、 managers develop goals, policies, and strategies for the entire organization. They set the goals that are handed down through the hierarchy, eventually reaching each worker. 1. and so on：等等Unit 24 Company Management2. set the goals : 确定目标 3. hand down: 把传下去 4. reaching each worker: ing形式做结果状语 Unit
10、24 Company Management4. How do you understand the word “translate”? They are responsible to middle managers3. Who are the first-line managers responsible to? 2. What are required of first-line managers? They usually need strong technical expertise to teach subordinates and supervise their day-to-day
11、 tasks. 1. What is the main idea of the passage? It is about the different levels of management in an organization It means “change” 5. At an organization, people with what titles are regarded as top managers? Chief executive officer, president, executive-president Widening the pool from which top e
12、mployers hire graduates when there are not enough jobs to go around smacks of poor timing. But that is the goal that Leading London, an initiate launched by London First, the employers group, and a recruitment consultants, has set itself. The program aims to talent-spot students from diverse backgro
13、und studying at post-1992 universities (former polytechnics), and introduce them to City employers and blue-chip corporations. 1. smack of ：带有 的味道Unit 25 Recruitment Drivers take Talent from Wide Pool 2. aim to: 以为目标 3. talent-spot: 发掘 4. blue-chip ：一流的 5. post-1992: 1992年以后的Advocates of the program
14、 say action to promote social mobility has never been more necessary. When the economy was becoming, employers saw under-represented groups, such as ethnic minorities, lower social income groups and women, as “hidden talent pools”. Now, however, many diversity programs are being squeezed. 1. nevermo
15、re ：比较级表示最高级Unit 25 Recruitment Drivers take Talent from Wide Pool 2. becoming: 适宜的，合适的 3. seeas: 把看作 4. are being squeezed ：现在进行时的被动语态，译为“ 正在被”Leading London, which has been piloted by London Metropolitan University, uses a novel method to bring potential stars to the attention of the initiatives c
16、orporate sponsors. It asks tutors and undergraduates to nominate final year students who have shown enterprise and exceptional leadership.Unit 25 Recruitment Drivers take Talent from Wide Pool 1. pilot：指导 2. bring sb. to the attention to: 让某人注意到Supporters argue that diversity is about more than social justice. They say companies need diversity of thought to innovate, and employing people with varied life-
