《汉语否定的英译》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《汉语否定的英译（52页珍藏版）》请在金锄头文库上搜索。
1、英汉翻译理论与实践主讲 蔡子亮翻译理论与实践汉译英常用的方法和技巧:(1) 汉语否定的英译 反译法 “译学无一定之成规， 且译书无所谓绝对最 好之译句；同一句原 文，可有各种译法。” -（林语堂）Studies serve for delight, for ornament, for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgement and disposition of b
2、usiness. Of Studies (Excerpt) -Francis Bacon 读书为学的用途是娱乐，装饰和增长 才识。在娱乐上学问的主要的用处是 函居养静；在装饰上学问的用处是辞 令；在长才上学问的用处是对于事物 的判断和处理。 -论学问水天同译 求知可以作为消遣，可以作为装潢， 也可以增长才干。当你孤独寂寞时， 阅读可以消遣，当你高谈阔论时，知 识可供装潢，当你处世行事时，求知 可促成才干。 -论求知阿新译 学之为用有三：充娱乐，供装饰，长 才干也。充娱乐主要见知于退居独处 之时，供装饰于谈吐之顷，而长才干 则于事物之判断处理。 -说学高健译 学习可以作为消遣，作为装点，也可 以
3、增进才能。其为消遣之用，主在独 处、归休之时；为装点，则在高谈阔 论之中；为才能，则在明辨是非、深 谋远虑之间。 -论学习孙有中译 读书足以怡情，足以博采，足以长才 。其怡情也，最见于独居幽处之时； 其博采也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其 长才也，最见于处世判事之际。 -论读书王佐良译 读书可以使人愉快，可以作为一种 装饰，也可以使人增长才能。读书 使人愉快主要是在一人独处或者退 休隐居的时候；读书作为装饰主要 表现在和别人谈论的时候；读书增 长才能主要表现在判断和处理事务 方面。他的行动快得惊人。 1. He moved astonishingly fast. 2. He moved with a
4、stonishing rapidity. 3. His movement was astonishingly rapid. 4. His rapid movements astonished us. 5. His movements astonished us by their rapidity.6. The rapidity of his movements was astonishing. 7. The rapidity with which he moved astonished us. 8. He astonished us by moving rapidly. 9. He aston
5、ished us by his rapid movements. 10. He astonished us by the rapidity of his movements.在多数情况下，汉译英 可以运用不同的语法手 段，不同的词和惯用语 来表达同一概念，从而 形成翻译中的多种表达 形式（multi-expressions in translation)在美国，很多必要的支付都用开支 票的方式(by writing checks)进行 。 1. In the United States, many necessary payments are made by writing checks. 2
6、. It is necessary to write checks in the United States in order to make certain payments, 3. A checking account is required in order to make many kinds of payments in the United States. 在银行里有一个支票帐户(checking account)和储蓄帐户是成人独立生活 的至关重要的部分。 1)Maitaining a checking account and a savings account is a vit
7、al part of independent adult life. 2), therefore, maintaining checking and savings accounts is an important part of independent adult living. 3)Checking and savings accounts are necessary components of independent adult life.语法错误： 对不起，我没有看见你。 Sorry, I dont see you. Sorry, I didnt see you. 从图书馆借来的书已经
8、找到。 The book which was borrowed from the library had been found. The book which had been borrowed from the library was found. The book borrowed from the library has been found.英语和汉语有相同之处，那 就是在阐述同一事物或同一 概念时，往往可以从正面表 达（正说），也可以从反面 表达（反说）。 例如： 我们可以说 “很困难”（quite difficult），也可以说“很不 容易”（far from easy）; 说做某
9、事 “竭尽全力” （do ones best），也可以说 “不 遗余力”（spare no effort）; 说某件事 “还好”（good）， 也可以说 “不错”（not bad） 。 再如： 她是外乡人。（正说） She is a stranger here.（正说 ） She is not a native. （反说） Im new to the work. （正说 ） 这工作我是生手。 （正说） 这工作我不熟悉。 （反说）但是，有时候由于表达习惯的 差异，英语中有些从正面表达 的意思在汉语中习惯从反面表 达；有些从反面来表达的意思 在汉语中则习惯从正面来表达 。 如英语中的 “Wet P
10、aint！”，汉语 中却说 “油漆未干”，英语中说 “Dont stop working. ”汉语中却 说“继续干活吧。”因此，英汉翻译时常常有 必要进行转换。这就是通 常所说的“正说反译与反 说正译”法。练一练： 1.由于资金不足，他关闭了那 家工厂。 2.她这次考试没过十分沮丧。 3.罗先生嫌这里不安静。 4. 他这学期全勤。 5. 他未能履行诺言，我们大家 都很失望。1.由于缺乏资金，他关闭了那家工厂。1)He closed the factory because of (on account of, owing to, due to) the fact that he didnt ha
11、ve enough funds.2)Not having enough funds, he closed the factory.3)Being short of funds, he closed the factory.4)Being in want of funds, he closed the factory. 5)Being in lacking in funds, he closed the factory.2. 她这次考试没过十分沮丧。She failed in the exam, so she felt disheartened /depressed.Her failure in
12、 the exam made her disheartened. 3. 罗先生嫌这里不安静。Mr. Luo didnt like the noise here. 4. 他这学期全勤。He has never missed a class this semester. 5. 他未能履行诺言，我们大家都很失望。His failure to carry out his promise disappointed everyone of us.6. 西方有些人不愿看到中国 发展。 7.我们绝不辜负人民对我们的 期望。 8. 我们没有辜负家长和老师 的期望。 9. 有的人大学毕业后辜负了 人民所寄予的希望
13、。6. 西方有些人不愿看到中国发展 。1) Some people in the West do not like to see China develop.2) Some people in the West hate to see China develop. 3) For some people in the West, the last thing they wish to see is development in China.7.我们绝不辜负人民对我们的期望。We will live up to the expectations of our people.We will neve
14、r be unworthy of the expectations of our people.Well never fail to live up to what our people expect of us. 8.我们没有辜负家长和老师的期望。We have lived up to the expectations of our parents and teachers.We proved worthy of the expectations of our parents and teachers.9.有的人大学毕业后辜负了人民所 寄予的希望。1)After graduation som
15、e college students have not justified the hopes of the people.2)After graduation some college students proved unworthy of the hopes which the people place in them.3)After graduation some college students are not worthy of the hopes which the people set on them.10. 机不可失，时不再来。（良机难再。) 11. 很明显这个人来得不怀好意
16、。 12. 她正是我们要物色的人。 13. 每当他听到这支曲子，总 要黯然泪下。 14. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧 。10. 机不可失，时不再来。（良机难再。) 1)A golden opportunity knocks but once.2)An opportunity is not likely to repeat itself. 11. 很明显这个人来得不怀好意。 1)Obviously this man has come not with a good intention. 2)Its clear enough that this man has come with an evil intention.12.她正是我们要物色的人。 Sh
