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1、第7章 Conversion 转译法 Conversion A word in one language belonging to a certain part of speech is not necessarily to be turned into one of the same part of speech in another language. Usage Different expression in English and Chinese For example: verbs He admires the Presidents stated decision to fight
2、for the job. 他对总统声明为保住其职位而决心奋 斗表示钦佩。 The growing awareness by millions of Africans of their extremely poor and backward living conditions has prompted them to take resolute measures and create new ones. 原译：数以百万计的非洲人对于他们非 常贫穷落后的生活条件的日益觉醒促使 他们采取坚决的措施，创造新的生活条 件。 改译：数以百万计的非洲人已逐渐意识 到他们的生活状况异常贫穷落后，这就 促使他们
3、奋起采取坚决的措施创造新的 生活条件。 examples Formality has always characterized their relationship. 他们之间的关系，有一个特点，就是以礼相 待。 The pallor of her face indicated clearly how she was feeling at the moment. 她苍白的脸色清楚地表明了她那时的情绪。 The President had prepared meticulously for his journey. 总统为这次出访作了十分周密的准备。 WordsConverted into ve
4、rbs Converted into nouns Converted into adjectives OthersConverted into verbs Noun -verbs Prep.-verbs Adj. -verbs Adv.-verbsNouns -verbs Nouns derived from verbs (in political articles) examplesexamples The turning point of my life was my decision to give up a promising business career and study mus
5、ic. 我生活的转折点是我决定不做发迹 有望的商人而专攻音乐。 Rockets have found application for the exploration of the universe. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。 Until 1972, all efforts by the two nations to curb the nucleararms race had foundered on one point: U.S. insistence on the right to make on-site inspections of the Soviet strategic arsenal
6、 and Russias refusal. 到1972年为止，美苏之间关于限制核军 备竞赛的一切努力都在这一点上失败了 ：美国坚持有权视察苏方战略武器现场 ，而苏联则拒绝这样做。Nouns -verbs Nouns with the meaning of action examplesexamples As the week drew to a close, the enemy rout was complete. 一周快结束时，敌人彻底溃退了。 The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with special longing. 看到我们
7、的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令 我特别神往。 A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial. 从他的办公室窗口可以一眼看到华盛顿纪念碑 和林肯纪念馆的全景。 Accounting includes the design of accounting systems, preparation of financial statements, audits, cost studies, development of fore
8、casts, income tax work, computer applications to accounting processes, and the analysis and interpretation of accounting information as an aid to making business decisions. 会计包括设计会计制度，准备财务报表、 审计账目、收入所得税工作和计算机的运 用，以及分析与解释有助于制定商业决策 的会计信息。Nouns -verbs gerund examples One of our ways for getting heat is
9、 burning fuels. 我们获得热的一种方式是燃烧燃料。 Heating water does not change its chemical composition. 把水加热不会改变水的化学成分。 The flowing of current first in one direction and then in another makes an alternating current. 电流先向一个方向流动，然后又向另一 个方向流动构成交流电。Nouns-verbs Nouns with er: teacher, thinker Not refer to their profess
10、ions or careers but have the meaning of action. examplesexamples I am afraid I cant teach you swimming. I think my little brother is a better teacher than I . 我未必会教你游泳。我想我的小弟弟比 我教得好。 Talking with his son, the old man was the forgiver of the young mans past wrong doings. 在和儿子谈话时，老人宽恕了年青人过 去所干的坏事。 Alt
11、hough he was always the “background” briefer on foreign policy issues, he could never be identified as anything other than “a White House official” or “a high Administration source.” 虽然外交问题的“背景情况”总是由他介 绍，但他仍只能称为是“一位白宫官员” 或“一位政府高级人士”。More examples She is a well-known singer. 歌唱家 Some of my class-mate
12、s are good singers.我们班同学中有些人唱歌唱 得很好。Nouns -verbs Nouns, as subjects, in the idioms eg. To have a look at, to have a rest. examplesexamples They took a final look at Iron Mike, still intact in the darkness. 他们最后看了铁麦克一眼它依然 安然无恙地耸立在黑暗中。 The next news bulletin, shorter than usual, made no mention of the
13、 demonstration. 下一个新闻节目比通常短，没有提到 游行。 A great cloud rose from the ground and followed the trail of the great sun. At first it was a giant column, which soon took the shape of a supramundane mushroom. For a fleeting instant it took the form of the Statue of Liberty magnified many times. 一朵庞大的烟云随着一轮巨日从
14、地面升起 。它起初是个巨大的圆柱，很快形成了凌 云驾空的大蘑菇，一瞬间又变成了一座扩 大了许多倍的自由神像。 Prep. -verbs Prep. With the meaning of action, eg. across, past, toward examplesexamples Party officials worked long hours on meager food, in cold caves, by dim lamps. 党的干部吃简陋的饮食，住寒冷的窑洞，靠微 弱的灯光，长时间地工作。 The computer is of high sensibility. 这台计算机具
15、有很高的灵敏度。 Machine parts of irregular shape can be washed very clean by ultrasonics. 用超声波能把形状不规则的机件洗得很干净。 Adj. -verbs Adjectives for consciousness , feeling, desire For examples: content, confident, certain, careful, angry, sure, ignorant, afraid, doubtful, aware, concerned, glad, delighted, sorry, ashamed, thankful, anxious, grateful, able, familiar examples If we were ignorant of the structure of the atom, it would be impossible for us to study nuclear physics. 如果我们不知道原子的结构，我们就不可 能研究核子物理学。
