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1、The Application of Cooperative Learning Theory in Teaching of Reading for Senior High School StudentsAbstractIn the traditional teacher-centered English teaching, the transmission ofinformation between teachers and students is mainly teachers. In this type of classroom the teacher serves as an infor
2、mation giver, and knowledge flows only one way from teacher to students. Teachers take up most time to teach students to learn knowledge, and students silently and passively receive some limited knowledge just like observers or containers. Few students have the opportunity of practicing and exchangi
3、ng English.It is very difficult for students to take part in the class activities. Cooperative learning has emerged as the leading new approach to classroom instruction abroad over the past decade. Numerous research studies have revealed that students completing cooperative learning group tasks tend
4、 to have higher academic test scores, higher self-esteem, and greater numbers of positive social skills. Cooperative learning is student-centered. As a result, students become the principal part, they have more opportunities to practice English and the process of language acquisition can be guarante
5、ed. In fact, the utmost purpose of English teaching is “to learn“ but not “to teach. Cooperative learning can stimulate students to participate in English learning so that they can enhance their learning effect. The essential element of cooperative learning is that one cannot succeed without the suc
6、cess of others. In order to maximize their achievement, group members must often help each other and contribute their most to the group.The twenty-first century is an era of knowledge economy, and information plays a very important role in our ordinary life. It is crucial for everyone to get informa
7、tion and enhance the ability of obtaining information. A reading knowledge of a foreign language is often important to academic studies, professional success and personal development. And reading is one of the most efficient ways to acquire information needed. One of the basic demands of syllabus is
8、 that developing students reading abilities should be emphasized. Now, new English course standard put forward a kind of new teaching theory called cooperative learning, it regards the cooperative group as the basic form, making use of the interaction of every kind to improve the students understand
9、ing of a subject. Cooperative learning has been proclaimed as an effective instructional approach in promoting the cognitive and linguistic development of learners of English.Key words: cooperative learning; student teams-achievement divisions; English reading teaching摘要摘要传统的英语教学一直沿用“以教师为中心”的原则，课堂教学
10、被看成一个由教师向学生传授知识的过程，这种以教师为中心的课堂采用的是以教师单向讲解为主的单向交际形式，教师的话语往往占用了过多的课堂时间，学生参与课堂活动和发表见解的机会很少，教师与学生之间缺少交流，使得学生语言能力得不到有效培养。在过去的十年里合作学习己经成为国外课堂教学的主要方法。合作学习是一种教学策略，它是通过学习者互相帮助，激发学习者学习潜能来完成学习任务。学生将会同时获得更高的自尊和更多的、积极的社会技能。这一点已被大量的研究所证明。近年来，外语教学领域的大量研究充分揭示了合作学习的重要性。实际上，外语教学的首要任务是“学”而不是“教”。它的教学效果应以学生的学习效果为依据，而学习效
11、果在很大程度上取决于学生的主观能动性与参与性。为了最大限度地激发学生的主观能动性与参与性，合作式教学法侧重以群组为主，以学生为中心来组织教学活动，强调学习者的合作意识。合作者之间必须遵守一定的合作性原则:合作各方为取得一共同的或各自的目标而进行互利的多方面的配合。21 世纪是知识经济时代，信息在生活生产中的地位日益重要。掌握信息，提高获知信息的能力，对个人的生活与发展至关重要。而英语阅读是培养获取信息能力的一个主要途径。 “侧重培养阅读能力，为进一步学习和运用英语切实打好基础”是中学英语教学大纲的一项具体要求。纵观近几年的高考，不难看出对英语阅读能力的要求在逐步提高。提高英语阅读理解教学的质量
12、不仅需要学生的长期积累、厚实的基本功和主体性的充分发挥，而且还要有教师行之有效的引导和良好的教学方法。目前新课改中的所倡导的合作学习适宜于英语阅读理解教学，有利于提高学生的阅读能力。关键字关键字:合作学习;小组分层计分法;英语阅读教学Table of Contents Abstract .1摘要3 Chapter 1 Introduction.5 1.1 Background 5 1.1.1 The Importance of Reading in Senior High School.5 1.1.2. A conventional view of EFL reading process8 1
13、.2 Purpose and Significance of the Study9 1.2.1 The purpose of the study 9 1.2.2 The significance of this study .10 Chapter 2 Literature Review.12 2.1 Definitions of Cooperative Learning13 2.1.1 Johnson and Johnsons Definition (1994).13 2.1.2 Vermettes Definition (1998).14 2.1.3 Putnams Definition (
14、1993)14 2.1.4 Murrys Definition (1994).14 2.1.5 Slavins Definition (1995).14 2.1.6 Summary:15 2.2 Element of Cooperative Learning15 2.2.1 Positive interdependence16 2.2.2 Face-to-face interaction. .16 2.2.3 Individual accountability17 2.2.4 Interpersonal and small group skills18 2.2.5 Group processi
15、ng.18 Chapter Three The Models of Cooperative Learning.19 3.1 Student teams-achievement divisions (STAD)19 3.2. Jigsaw20 3.3. Group investigation20 3.3.1. Learning together21 3.3.2 heoretical Basis of the Cooperative Learning .21 3.4 Zone of proximal development .22 3.4.1 Group dynamics theory.233.4
16、.2 Motivational theory24 3.4.3 Cognitive theory.25 Chapter Four Constructivism.26 Chapter Five Conclusion28 References30Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 Background1.1.1 The Importance of Reading in Senior High SchoolWith the development of society and frequency of international communication, English has become one of the basic skills of civilians living in the 21st century, especially to get more information. And English reading is a main way to cultivate ability of getting informat
