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1、本 科 毕 业 设 计基于单片机的农田边界 GPS 坐标检测与显示系统设计摘 要GPS(Global Positioning System)即全球定位系统，是一种利用卫星支持的无线电导航系统。目前，GPS 技术广泛应用于工业、医疗、军事和生活等许多领域，在农业，特别是精细农业领域，GPS 技术也越来越多地被运用。在精细农业研究中，农田边界坐标和农田面积是农田信息中必不可少的数据，农田面积的大小决定了农业生产时种子、肥料的用量，也是机械作业方面需要了解的数据。因此采用 GPS 采集农田边界坐标信息，对实现农业劳作精细化等有非常重要的现实意义。目前，有些设计能够实现农田边界 GPS 坐标监测及面积
2、计算，但设备价格较高是其最大的缺点。在实际农田边界坐标监测中，要求系统具有稳定性和便携性，因此设计一种便携式的农田 GPS 坐标监测与显示系统很有意义。本文提出一种基于 GPS 技术的农田边界信息采集与面积计算的解决方案，该方案基于单片机和 GPS 开发板来设计GPS 信息采集系统。该系统采用增强型单片机 STC12LE5A60S2 和 u-blox 的 GPS 开发板来采集农田坐标信息，通过 TFT 屏进行显示，并通过 PC 机进行面积计算。以往对土地坐标和面积的测量常采用人工操作的方法完成，该法具有耗时费工、工作效率低下的明显缺陷。该系统利用 GPS 技术设计了便携式的农田边界坐标监测设备
3、，通过单片机对 GPS 报文信息进行处理，可实时获取和显示农田边界坐标信息，并对农田面积进行计算，该系统具有系统构成简单，维护方便，运行费用低等优点，能够实现可靠的数据采集和处理，可以应用于农田边界坐标信息的监测。关键词：单片机 STC12LE5A60S2 GPS GPS coordinate detection and display system of Field boundarybased on MCUXie Zhenhe(College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Chin
4、a)Abstract: Global Positioning System (GPS), is a use of radio navigation System supported by satellite. At present, GPS technology is widely used in industrial, medical, military and life and many other fields, in agriculture, especially in precision farming areas, the GPS technology is also increa
5、singly being used. In the study of precision agriculture, farmland boundary coordinates, and area of farmland is an essential data in farmland information, determines the amount of seed, fertilizer and agricultural production, is also the mechanical operations need to understand the data. Therefore,
6、 using GPS to collecte coordinate information of farmland boundaries, has a very important practical significance to realize the agricultural work fine.At present, some design can realize farmland border monitoring GPS coordinates, and area calculation, but the high price of the equipment is its big
7、gest drawback. In actual field boundary coordinates monitoring system has stability and portability, so design of a portable GPS coordinates farmland monitoring and display system is very meaningful. This paper proposes a bounding farmland information collection based on GPS technology and the area
8、calculation of solution, the solution is based on single chip microcomputer to design the GPS and GPS OEM board information acquisition system. The system using enhanced MCU STC12LE5A60S2 and u - blox GPS OEM board to gather farmland coordinate information, through the TFT screen for display, and ca
9、lculate the area.Ever to land coordinates, and area measurements often adopt the method of manual operation to finish, the law has, the obvious flaw of time-consuming work, work efficiency is low. The system USES GPS technology to design a portable area of farmland boundary coordinates, monitoring a
10、nd measuring instrument, through single chip microcomputer to deal with GPS message information, coordinate information can be real-time acquisition and display of farmland boundaries, and a calculation is made on the farmland area, the system has the system structure is simple, easy maintenance, lo
11、w operating cost advantages, to achieve reliable data acquisition and processing, can be applied to farmland boundary coordinates information monitoring.Key words: micro controller uint STC12LE5A60S2 GPS coordinate目 录1 前言 .12 系统方案分析与选择论证 .12.1 系统方案设计 .12.1.1 主控芯片方案 .12.1.2 显示模块方案 .22.2 系统最终方案 .23 主要芯片介绍和系统模块硬件设计 .33.1 STC12LE5A60S2 单片机 .33.2 u-Blox GPS 模块 .43.2.1 GPS 定位原理介绍 .43.2.2 LEA-5S GPS 模块概述 .53.2.3 原理图 .53.2.4 接口电路 .63.2.5 供电电源 .
