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1、Some commons between Homers Epic and Tom JonesvThey both invoke the Muse.vMuse-In ancient Greece and Rome, poets had always requested “the muse” to fire them with creative genius when they began long narrative poems or epics, about godlike heroes and villains.vMuse in Iliad(伊利亚特)：vIt hovered over hi
2、s head in the likeness of Nestor, son of Neleus, whom Agamemnon honoured above all his councillors, and said:You are sleeping, son of Atreus; one who has the welfare of his host and so much other care upon his v他是阿伽门农最为敬重的长老。梦幻神凭借长老的形 体，对国王说：“聪明的驯马手阿特柔斯的儿子，你 还在安睡呀，一个负有运筹帷幄、保护众人的责任的 人怎么可以整夜安眠？vSing,
3、O goddess, the anger of Achilles son of Peleus, that brought countless ills upon the Achaeans. Many a brave soul did it send hurrying down to Hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures, for so were the counsels of Jove fulfilled from the day on which the son of Atreus, king of m
4、en, and great Achilles, first fell out with one anotherv高歌吧！女神！为了佩琉斯之子阿基琉斯的暴怒！他的致命 的愤怒给阿开奥斯人带来无尽的苦难，将战士的健壮的英魂 打入冥府，他们的躯体成为野狗和秃鹰的美食，宙斯的意愿 实现了.请从阿特柔斯之子、人民的国王阿伽门农和神一样的 阿基琉斯之间的争执开始吧！vRecount, O Muse, the names of those who fell on this fatal day.v哦，缪斯呵，请您把那一天舍生冒死的、倒地的都姓甚 名谁，表明一番. vYe Muses, then, whoeve
5、r ye are, who love to sing battles, and principally thou（you） who whilom didst recount the slaughter in those fields where Hudibras and Trulla fought, if thou wert not starved with thy(your) friend Butler, assist me on this great occasion.v哦，汝缪斯之属呵，不问是谁，凡喜歌咏战争者，特别 是您，前此曾叙休狄布 莱斯与徂拉交战战场上之屠杀 者，如汝尚未与汝之友
6、人勃特勒一同饿死，即请汝在 此一次重要场合中，助我描绘战迹可也 .vThe entire epic is written in an elevated style.vThey both use many formal, well-established, serious and elevated words, while Tom Jones utilizes elevated words to describe the trivial incidents. vIliad-Aeneas (勇士)was first to stride forward in attack, his doughty（
7、勇敢的） helmet tossing defiance as he came on. He held his strong shield（ 盾） before his breast, and brandished（挥舞） his bronze spear。v Molly then taking a thigh-bone in her hand, fell in among the flying ranks, and dealing her blows with great liberality on either side, overthrew the carcass of many a m
8、ighty hero and heroine.v媢丽于是又抓起一条大腿骨来，冲到那群逃 跑的人中间，把大 腿骨一左一右，大肆挥舞，把好多伟大的英雄和英雌，都打得伟 躯栽倒，玉体倾跌。 vWhen each of the combatants had borne off sufficient spoils of hair from the head of her antagonist, the next rage was against the garments. In this attack they exerted so much violence, that in a very few m
9、inutes they were both naked to the middle.v这两个女战士，每一个从敌人头上掠夺了足够的俘获物头发 以后，她 们又把她们的怒气冲着衣服发作起来。在这番干 仗中，她们双方都勇猛异常，所以 一会儿的工夫，她们两个都 是从腰部以上，全都赤裸。 vDuring the same period , The Rape of the Lock(夺 发记),written by Alexander Pope, deserved to be mentioned. It is a fanciful and ingenious mock- heroic work. vThe
10、Rape of the Lock and Tom Jones goes the other way around(有异曲同工之妙). But the former is poem, while the latter one is a mock/comic epic in prose.vSuch two pieces of work parody(仿作) the serious, elevated style of the classical epic poemsuch as The Iliad(伊利亚特) or The Odyssey（奥德赛）, by Homerto poke fun at
11、human follies. the protagonist is a hero of great stature and significance with the two traditional virtues of bravery and wisdom; Tom Jones is not a hero .the setting is on a grand and vast scale; Though the book portrays 49 characters and all of them are vivid presented before the readers, the aut
12、hor just portrayed a quarrel among the villagers.the action requires noble, fantastic, and even superhuman actions;Tom Jones is a common people in our everyday life, for he not only has the virtues ,but also the vices. the entire epic is written in an elevated style.use lofty words to portray trivial things.
