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1、 Unit 4 Earthquakes1. Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.right away: at once; in no time; immediatelyright now: at this very momente.g. Make up your mind _.Ill return the book _.right nowright away2. In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.【寓词
2、于境】阅读下列句子，并试着总结 burst在句中的词性、含义及用法。 1) The pipes had burst and the house was under two feet of water. 2) The police burst into the room and took the young man away. 3) Hearing the news, the woman burst into laughter. 4) She burst out crying for no reason, which surprised us. 5) There was a burst of l
3、aughter in the next room. burst作_词，意思是_（句1）；常 用于短语 burst into + a room, building, etc. 闯入，突然破门而入（句2）；burst into + n. 突然爆发，突然起来（句3 ）；burst out doing突然（句4）。 burst作_词，意思是_（句5） ，还可指“爆裂；破裂之处，裂口”。动爆裂名突然一阵用burst或其短语的适当形式填空。 1) The plane crashed and _ flames. 2) The dam _ because of the heavy rain. 3) It lo
4、oked as if Kate was about to _ _ tears. 4) Everyone was quiet when John suddenly _ laughing.burst outburst into burstburst into3. It seemed as if the world was at an end!1) as if 似乎，好像 = as though e.g. She spoke to me as if she knew me.她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识 我似的。 2) as if 在表语从句中相当于that。 e.g. It seemed as
5、if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了。本文中as if 的用法就是第二种。It seemed as if the world was at an end! = It seemed that the world was at an end!at an end “finished”at the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意; by the end of 用于表示时间的场合，到结束的时候，用于过去完成时态; in the end意思“最后、终于”。 at the end of by the end of in the
6、 end1) His father will return home _ this year.2) He will be a scientist _.3) How many English words had you learned _ last term?at the end of in the endby the end of4. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.lie (lay, lain): to be, remain or be kept in a certain state 【寓词于境】阅读下面句子，并试着
7、归纳 ruin的意思及用法。 1) Numbers of people were buried under the ruins in the earthquake. 2) A large number of buildings fell into ruin after the earthquake.3) Several villages were ruined during the typhoon. 4) This heavy rain ruined our plan to go on a picnic this afternoon. 5) I have lost all my money i
8、n business and am now ruined.【自我归纳】ruin既可作名词，也可作动词。 作名词，意为： _（句1）；毁灭或破败状态（句2）。 作动词，意为：毁坏，毁灭（句3、句4）；使破产（句5）。废墟【拓展】in ruins严重受损，破败不 堪。如： The houses across the street were in ruins.ruin, destroy, damage damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词, 也可以用作名词, 用作名词时常与 to something 连用。e.g. The accident did a
9、lot of damage to his car. destroy只能用作动词, 指彻底破坏, 以致不可能修复, 常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解, 也可以指希望、计划等打破。 e.g. The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. ruin指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次的打击结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。 e.g. The fire ruined the house. The village _ in ruins after the war.These machines have _ idle since the
10、 factory closed.laylainEverywhere they looked nearly everything was _. destroyedHe _ his girl friends prospects.ruinedSoft wood _ easily.damagesAn earthquake left the whole town _.His career is _.in ruinsin ruins5. Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.More than 61% of the su
11、rface of the earth _ covered by water. Seventy percent of the workers in this factory _ young.以百分数作为主语的，谓语动词是单数 还是负数取决于百分数后面跟的名词是 可数还是不可数的。isare请根据提示完成下列句子。 1) _ (三分之一) of the students in our class _ (be) girls. 2) _ (五分之三) of the soil _ (wash) away by the flood last night. 3) _ (一半) of the desks in
12、 this school _ (make) in his company. 4) _ (大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday _ (be) interesting.One-third are Three-fifths was washedHalf are made Most wasinjure hurt wound injure: to hurt oneself / sb. / sth. physically三者都可表示 受伤，伤害。injure 一般是指在事 故中受伤，往往意为“ 外伤”。 wound一般指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤等，尤 其指在战争中，打斗
13、中受伤。hurt可指对身体上的伤害，也指对心灵造成 的伤害。Their criticisms _ him deeply.He was slightly _ in the car accident.He got _ in the fighting.What you said _ my feeling.have hurtinjured woundedhurt6. People were shocked.shock v. “make someone feel very surprised”【寓词于境】阅读下面句子，并试着归 纳shock的意思及用法。 1) They had been shocked
14、 to hear / learn that the hospital was closing down. 2) He was shocked at the news of Janes death.3) He never recovered from the shock of his sons death. 4) The whole thing has come as such a shock to me. 5) The shock was felt miles away. 6) She was taken to hospital suffering from shock.【自我归纳】shock
15、既可作动词，也可作名 词。 作动词，意为“使震惊，使惊骇”，常用 于以下结构：shock sb. to hear / learn +从 句（句1）；be shocked _ sth.（句2）。 作名词，意为： 给人打击的事，震惊 ，令人震惊的事 (句3和句4)（可构成短语 come _ a shock）； 震动 (句5) ； 休克（句6）。atas【拓展】shocked adj. 吃惊的，震惊的shocking adj. 令人震惊的，极坏的根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。 1. The news of his mothers death _ (使他非常震惊 ). 2. _ (我深感震惊) to hear that he had left for America. 3. His short stories always gave the readers _ (令人震惊的结尾).was a terrible shock to him I was shocked shocking ends7.
