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1、英语阅读理解解题技巧主旨大意型事实细节型 词 义 猜 测 型命 题 类阅读理解命题特点：推 理 判 断 型细节题推理判 断词义猜 测主旨大意2014 年8 5 1 12013 年 9 3 2 12012 年5 6 2 2近三年不同题型出现的频率一：事实细节型1）Which of the following statement is true? 2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text? 3）The author ( or the passage) states that_. 4）According to the passage,
2、 when ( where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.)_? 5）Which of the following is the correct order of _?细节理解题常见的几种命题方式：事实细节题干扰项 范围过大、过小 。干扰项 偷换概念。干扰项 正误并存，某个分句是正确的 。解题方法 : 原文定位法。 1. 抓住问题中的关键词，迅速回到原文中找到这一细 节 2.查读法：回原文找答案，把注意力集中在与who, what, when, where问题有关的细节上。注意Q1) _ calories are required to raise the
3、temperature of 5kg of water from 35to 90.A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D. 275Q2) Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does. B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does. C. A
4、n office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does. D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.Passage1 The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it with energy. That is the
5、 food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1. The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows CALORIES NEEDED PER DAY
6、 Baby 750Office worker 2,700 Child aged 8 2,100 Woman feeding baby 2,700 Man over 70 2,100Boy aged 16 3,000 Woman 3,600Farmer 2,600Q1) _ calories are required to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35to 90.A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D. 275Q2) Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?A. A
7、 child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does. B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy aged 8 does. C. An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does. D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 tim
8、es the amount of calories that an office worker does.【解析】答案为 D 。 根据文章细节内容，计算公式 为： (90-35)51=275【解析】答案为 C 。根据文章图表，依次验证A、B 、C、D 四个答案的内容是否正确 。很易找出 C 符合图表内容。二：推理判断型推理判断型常见的命题方式有：1. The passage implies (暗示) that_. 2. We can conclude (得出结论) from the passage that_. 3. Which of the following can be inferred
9、 (推论)? 4.What is the tone (语气) of the author ? 5.What is the purpose (目的) of this passage? 6.The passage is intended to _. 7.Where would this passage most probably appear? 不要主观臆断干扰项的特点：1.原文的简单复述或原 句，并非推断出来的。2.以偏概全。3.出 现绝对化的词，如，all,never 4.符合 常识但不是基于文章的推断。推 理 判 断 型透过现象看本质：领悟作者的（非考生观点）思想倾向、观点、立场及态度 。Q
10、: The concept of personal choice about health is important because_.A. personal health choices help cure most illnesses.B. it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge. C. it is basic to personal freedom in American society.D. wrong decisions could lead to poor health.Passage2 The concept of pe
11、rsonal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. About 90 percent of all illnesses might be preventable if individual made sound ( adj. 健康的 ) personal health choices based upon present (adj.现在的) medical knowledge.We all enjoy our freedom of choice and do not like to see it limited
12、when it is within the legal and moral boundaries ( n.界限 ) of society. The structure of American society allows us to make almost all our own personal decisions that may affect our health. If we do desire, we can smoke , drink much, refuse to wear seat belts, eat whatever food we want, and live a com
13、pletely sedentary (adj. 久坐的，劳心的 ) lifestyle without any exercise. Q: The concept of personal choice about health is important because_.A. personal health choices help cure most illnesses.B. it helps raise the level of our medical knowledge. C. it is basic to personal freedom in American society.D. w
14、rong decisions could lead to poor health.文章解析：据前两句可以得知 ，不良的选择会导致健康 状况变坏，因此答案选 D 。选出的答案一定要在原 文中找到依据或理由，不 能只凭常识或自己主观胡 乱推测。三：词义猜测型1）文中找线索或信息词;2) 根据熟悉的词及词义 判断新单词之意； 3）根据上下文判断新词 汇在特定句中确切意思。做题要领a. 定义法 vIt will be very hard but also very brittle.that is, it will break easily. v从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆” 的意
15、思。 b. 同位法 vThey traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times. v同位语部分a large building in old times 给出 了 castle 的确切词义，即“城堡”。c. 对比法 vShe is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句 的意思是她今天“第一节上了一半
