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1、 词语辨析 1.how与what的区别： how通常对方式或程度提问，意思有：怎么样 如何，通常用来做状语、表语。 what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问，意 思为 什么，通常做宾语，主语。 How is your summer holiday? Its OK. (how表示程度 做表语) How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects. Whatthink of? Howlike? W
2、hatdo with? Howdeal with? Whatlike about? Howlike? Whats the weather like today? Hows the weather today? What to do? How to do it? e.g. What do you think of this book? =How do you like this book? I dont know what I should do with the matter. =I dont know how I should deal with it. What do you like a
3、bout China? =How do you like China? I dont know what to do next step? =I dont know how to do it next step? What good / bad weather it is today! （weather为不可数名词，其前不能加 a ） What a fine / bad day it is today! （day为可数名词，其前要加 a ） 2.aloud, loud与loudly的用法 : 三个词都与“ 大声“或“响亮“有关。 aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但 声音不一定很大, 常
4、用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。 aloud没有比较级形式。 如: He read the story aloud to his son. 他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与 speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级 ,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可 替换使用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动 词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loud
5、ly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 3. voice 指人的嗓音 也指鸟鸣。 sound 指人可以听到的各种声音。 noise 指噪音、吵闹声 4.have been to 某人曾去过某地,现在人不在 那儿 sb.have been in +地点 某人呆在某地(一段时 间) have gone to 某人已去某地,人不在这儿 5. get to +名词 get +副词(不用to) reach+名 词/副词 arrive in/at +大/小地点 （后接副词， 不用at/in） eg. get to Shanghai、reach Shanghai 、 arrive in Shangh
6、ai到达上海 eg. reach home、get home、arrive home 到家 6.到.末为止 by the end of +过去时间 （用于 过去完成时） by the end of +将来时间 （用于一般将来时 ） at the end of+地点 在.尽头 in the end= at last 最后，终于 7.in front ofin the front of 【用法点拨】in front of 表示“在.（某范围之外）的前面”，in the front of则表示“在.（某范围之内）的前面”。 【同步检测】根据句意用in front ofin the front of
7、填空。 1、The teacher is standing _ the class and there is a big tree _ the classroom. 2、There is a beautiful cat _the back door. 3、We always sit_ the car. 4、A big tree is _ the old house. 6、The blackboard is _ the classroom.in front ofin the front ofin front ofin front ofin the front ofin the front of8
8、.replyanswer【用法点拨】两者均可用作动词和名词。answer 是个 通俗用词只针对question要给出的，内容简单的回答，常 与ask相呼应；reply指正式的答复，常用作不及物动词. 【同步检测】根据句意用 replyanswer的适当形式填空。 1、Our homework is so difficult, I cant find out the _ to the questions. 2、I asked Liu Ming for some money last week, but there was no _. 3、I am new here ,I dont know th
9、e way to the park ,so I cant _ your question. 4、An _ is different from a _. 5、Can you _ me where you are from ， please give me your _ quickly. answeranswersansweranswerreplyreplyreply9.listenhear 【用法点拨】listen是不及物动词，强调“听的动作”，其后若跟宾语 ，须有to,即listen to sb.而 hear是及物动词，强调“听的结果”，常 用于句型 hear sb do sth.另外，lis
10、ten可单独使用, 而hear 却不可以 。 【同步检测】根据句意用 listenhear 的适当形式填空。 1、_! Someone is singing in the next room. 2、A：The bell is ringing, _!Can you _ it?B:I _ but I cant _ anything. 3、The radio says it is going to rain this evening, dont you _ that? 4、In the class we must _ to the teacher carefully or you cant _ an
11、ything. listenedhearListenlistenhearhearhearListen10.cost payspendtake 【不同点】1）cost 的主语一般是“物”，而spend 的主语通常为“人” 。2） cost,pay 通常用于花费金钱，而 spend,take即可表示 花费金钱也可用于花费时间。【常用句型】 1）It cost sb. some money.2)sb. spend some moneyon sthin doing sth.3)pay for sth for sb.4)sb. pay some money for sth = sb. spend som
12、e money on sth in doing sth = sth costs sb. some money. 5) It takes sb. some time to do sth = sb. spend some time in doing sth.【注意】take 的主语也可以是某项活动。Eg:The work will take three weeks (to finish it). 用costspend pay take适当形式填空1)The cap _ me 50 yuan.2)I _ 50 yuan on the cap.I_ 50 yuan in buying the cap.
13、3)Now that you have no money, so Ill _ for you.4）He _ 30 yuan for a pair of pants.He _ 30 yuan on a pair of pants.The pair of pants _ him 30 yuan.5)It _ me three hours to do my homework every day. 6）To finish this book _ my sister five years.7)This beautiful skirt _ me two hundred yuan.小试牛刀cost spen
14、tpayspentpaidtakestakesspent costcost11.fill and full【词性不同】：fill 是动词，意为“充满、装满”，而full 是形容 词，意为“满的”。【搭配不同】fill与with 搭配，而full和of搭配。【注意】be filled with 与be full of同义，但前者强调的是动 作，而后者侧重的是状态。 【学会应用】根据提示完成句子。1、His head is _strange ideas。2、The hall at once _great joy.3、Our school was _ of students.4、I _my purse _ money.5、The bottles are_ _ orange.full of/filled withwas full of/filled withfullfilledwith filled with/full of12.so and such【修饰语不同】 so 修饰副词、形容词，而such 修饰名词。【结构不同】在修饰单数名词时so +adj+a+单数名词与such+a+adj+单数名词 可互换。so 修饰副词、形容词，such 修饰名词，均可与that 组成固定搭配，意为“
