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1、第一讲 翻译主体译者Lesson 1 The Subject of Translationthe Translator笔译基础知识李国玉 2013笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院About The English Language and Literature (2003-2007) British and American Literature (2007-2010) Translation (2005- )Courses: English Speaking, Comprehensive English, Chinese- English Translation, English Tr
2、anslation of Chinese Classics (2010- )Interests: Literature, (poetry) Translation, Psychology, Philosophy, History, Science, Society笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院About this coursePragmatic TranslationScience Business Law News Advertisement Tourism Political Propaganda笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院What will we do?Translatio
3、n theory Translation skills/techniques Guided reading TRANSLATE, TRANSLATE, TRANSLATE!笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院You call yourself a translator? Are you a bilinguist? an attentive reader? a capable searcher? a skilled (creative) writer?笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院Some relevant issuesw 译德 (a translato
4、rs ethics) w 忠诚与背叛 (loyalty and betrayal) w “开箱子的钥匙” (the key)笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院1. 译德“他(指译者)有他应负的责任,他有他应守的道德。 如果负不起应负的责任,不遵守道德,是没有做译 者的资格的。” 杨镇华:翻译研究(1935)Some unseen fingers like idle breeze, are playing upon my heart the music of the ripples. 译文:有些看不见的人物,如懒懒的飔似的,正在我 们的心头,奏着潺湲的乐声。He leans back, one
5、 arm around an upraised knee. 译文:他身子向前倾着,一只胳膊撑在踮起的腿上。笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院2.忠诚与背叛Translations are like womenwhen they are faithful they are not beautiful, when they are beautiful they are not faithful.“从一种文字出发,积寸累尺地度越那许多距离, 安稳到达另一种文字里,这是很艰辛的历程。 一路上颠顿风尘,遭遇风险,不免有所遗失或 受些挫伤。因此,译文总有失真和走样的地方 。”罗新璋:我国自成体系的翻译理
6、论(1983)笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院Curvaceous Patricia Potts, the girl with the smashing silhouette who was Scunthorpes Dish of the Month in Octoberthe dishiest dish in the areawas dished up with a dish of trouble on her way from bingo last night. 译文:帕特里夏波茨是位体形优美的姑娘,侧影更加娇美 。她是(东英格兰)斯根塔浦城本月(10月)选出的美 女,即该地区最漂亮的
7、姑娘。昨夜从赌场回家路上有人 找了她大麻烦。笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院 阿呆给领导送红包时,两人的对话颇有意思。 领导:“你这是什么意思?” 阿呆:“没什么意思,意思意思。” 领导:“你这就不够意思了。” 阿呆:“小意思,小意思。” 领导:“你这人真有意思。” 阿呆:“其实也没有别的意思。” 领导:“那我就不好意思了。” 阿呆:“是我不好意思。” 笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院“忠诚”与“背叛” If my mother had known of it, shed have died a second time. 译文A:如果我母亲知道这件事,她一定会死第二次 的。 译文B:如
8、果我母亲知道这件事,她一定会气得从棺 材里跳出来。 “Did you say pig or fig?” said the cat.“I said pig” , replied Alice. 译文A:“你刚才说的是猪还是无花果?”那只猫问道 。“我说的是猪”,爱丽丝说。 译文B:“你刚才说的是猪还是鼠?“那只猫问道。“我说的是猪”,爱丽丝说。笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院 He bombarded her with questions. The church frowned on palmistry ( 看手相)because of its pagan origin. He crashed
9、 down on a protesting chair.笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院3. “开箱子的钥匙”“比如一个名词或动词,写不出,创作时可 以回避,翻译却不成,也还得想,一直弄 到头昏眼花,好像脑子里面摸一个急于要 开箱子的钥匙,却没有。”鲁迅:且介亭杂文二集题未定草“一名之立,旬月踟蹰。”严复笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院译者的创造空间 再造想象 创立新名 语言形式的转换 文体结构的调整笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院1. 再造想象1)审美再造想象Youll enjoy relaxed sunny days. Warm, crystal clear lagoons.
10、Cool, green foliage. Waterfalls. Flowers. Exotic scents. Bright blue skies. Secluded beaches. Graceful palms. Breathtaking sunsets. Soft evening breezes. And food that is simply outstanding.这里阳光灿烂,您可尽享悠闲。置身于温暖的环礁湖边 ,湖水晶莹透彻,头顶绿荫如盖,天空湛蓝,身旁激流 飞瀑,鲜花盛开,异香扑鼻。沙滩远离尘嚣,棕榈曼妙 ,夕阳西下,晚风轻拂,美不胜收。更有美食相伴,夫 复何求!笔译基础知识
11、 2013 武汉东湖学院Tides in, dirts out. (Tide)有汰渍,没污渍。The Globe brings you the world in a single copy. (Globe)环球在手,走遍全球。笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院2)科学再造想象A general description is given of a water supply system now under construction in the area east of Toulon comprising pipes between 450mm and 1,250mm in diameter
12、totaling a length of approximately 30kms operating at pressure of 20- 30 bars over two-thirds of their run.笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院A general description is given of a water supply system now under construction in the area east of Toulon comprising pipes (between 450mm and 1,250mm in diameter)( totaling a
13、length of approximately 30kms) (operating at pressure of 20-30 bars over two-thirds of their run.)本文对土伦东部地区正在建设的供水系统做了一般 介绍。该系统是由直径450mm-1250mm的水管 组成,总长近30公里,其流程2/3以上的工作压 力为20-30巴。笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院2. 设立新名 单义性、科学性、通俗性、系统性、国际 性science 科学 (格致学) logic 逻辑 clone 克隆 neon light 霓虹灯 vitamin 维他命/维生素笔译基础知识 20
14、13 武汉东湖学院3. 语言形式的转换翻译中的再创造是指译者克服字面意义的羁 绊,译出语言的 指称意义 referential meaning 言内意义 linguistic meaning 语用意义 pragmatic meaning笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院指称意义 referential meaning 词语、句子和篇章所反应的客观世界。 “指称意义”并不完全等同于“字面意义”。 Indian meal 玉米粥 Indian summer 小阳春 American beauty 月月红笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院指称意义的理解和表达His mind swept easi
15、ly over the whole world including many lands and epochs. 他纵览全球,古今中外,了如指掌。英军胜利地登上了小岛。 The British army climbed onto the island successfully. The British army landed on the island successfully.笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院行路难,但人生之路谁都要走。 It is difficult to walk, but everyone has to walk on the road of the life. To go on a journey is often full of hardships, but so long as one lives he proceeds on his lifes journey.笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院他是我父亲。这姑娘是漂亮。此人是书就读。笔译基础知识 2013 武汉东湖学院言内意义 linguistic meaning词语成分之间、句子成分之间和篇章成分之间 的关系所反映的意义。它在语音、词汇、句 子和篇章等层次均有体现。 Better late than the late.(美国高速公路的 一块安全警告标识牌) A:迟到总比丧命好。 B:晚