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1、解题技巧阅读理解阅读理解是英语能力培养的重点项目，是考试 的一个重要题型，分值高、题量大。阅读 理解考查的根本是检验学生对有关信息的 加工能力。阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度 和理解力的正确率。因此，阅读理解的功夫应下在平时。 多分析题型，多了解考点，真正做到有的 放矢，提高命中率。v专接本考试大纲要求考生能读懂有关日 常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告 、说明、广告以及书 报 杂志中关于 一般性话题的简短文章,并能从中获取相 关的信息。v1 理解主旨和要义 v2 理解文中具体信息v3 根据上下文推断生词的词义v4 作出简单判断和推理v5 理解文章的基本结构v6 理解作者的意图 观点和态度主
2、旨大意型事实细节型 词 义 猜 测 型命 题 类因此有关阅读理解题目主要 有以下几种:推 理 判 断 型主旨大意题干扰项 可能是文中某个具体事实或细节。干扰项 可能是从文中某些 (不完全的) 事 实或细节片面推出的错误结论。 干扰项 可能属非文章事实的主观臆断。 (正确答案) : 据文章全面理解而归纳概括出来的；不能太笼 统、言过其实或以偏概全。1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 2)Which of the following can summar- ise the main idea of this text? 3)Which of the fol
3、lowing best expresses the main idea? 4)Which is the subject discussed in the text? 6)Whats the best title for this passage?主旨大意题的常见的提问形式:阅读理解基础训练Basic Training-主旨大意题Passage 1In spite of the fact that cars from Germany and Japan are flooding the American market, Ford, General Motors and Chrysler are
4、employing more workers than ever before. The flood of cheaper for-eign cars has not cast American autoworkers their jobs as some experts predicted. Ford operates as far as Asia, and General Motors is considered Australians biggest employer. Yet General Motors has its huge American work force and emp
5、loys hundreds of people every day to meet the needs of an insatiable(不能满足的）society.练习题细节题解释Question: Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the paragraphA. GM is one of the largest car producers.B. Ford operates not only in the U.S.A., but also in Asia.C. The foreign cars
6、have not taken away the jobs of American autoworkers.D. The flood of the cheaper foreign cars is terrible for American autoworkers.文章解释【解析】答案为C。take sth. away of sb.和 cast sb. sth. 的意思相似。 本段落以一、二句引出要表达的 主题，在主题句出现后，再举例子陈 述细节或继续论证。寻找主题句往往是做好此类题的 关键。每段的主题句(常在首句、尾 句、首尾句、段落中和归纳分析)一 般都用来表示一个段落的主旨大意。 文章文章中
7、心是论点，事实细节是论 据或主要理由；有关细节的问题常对 文中某个词语、某句子、某段落等细 节及事实进行提问，所提问题一般可 直接或间接在文章中找到答案。提问的特殊疑问词常有：what, who, which, where, how, why 等。事 实 细 节 型解题原则：忠实于原文上下文及 全篇的逻辑关系，决不能主观臆断。事实细节题干扰项 范围过大、过小 。干扰项 偷换概念。 干扰项 正误并存，某个分句是正确的。解题方法 : 原文定位法。1. 查读法：带着问题寻找答案，把注意力集中 在与who, what, when, where问题有关的细节 上。2. 细心！3.确定关键词1）Which
8、 of the following statements is true? 2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特 定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：3）The author ( or the passage) states that_. 4）According to the passage, when ( where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.)_?阅读理解基础训练Basic Training-事实细节型Q1) _ calories are requi
9、red to raise the temperature of 5kg of water from 35to 90.A. 55 B. 175 C. 325 D. 275Q2) Which statement is TRUE according to the chart above?A. A child aged 8 requires more than 3 times the amount of calories that a baby does. B. A boy aged 16 requires nearly twice the amount of calories that a boy
10、aged 8 does. C. An office worker requires the same amount of calories per day as a woman feeding a baby does. D. A farmer requires nearly 1.5 times the amount of calories that an office worker does.解释文章Passage2 The human body is a living machine, and like all machines, it needs fuel to supply it wit
11、h energy. That is the food we eat. But how much do we need to stay healthy? The energy value of food is usually measured in calories. A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1. The number of calories people need per day is different, as the chart shows CA
12、LORIES NEEDED PER DAY Baby 750Office worker 2,700 Child aged 8 2,100 Woman feeding baby 2,700Man over 70 2,100Boy aged 16 3,000 Woman 3,600Farmer 2,600练习题解释【解析】答案为 D 。 根据文章细节内容，计算公式 为： (90-35)51=275【解析】答案为 C 。根据文章图表，依次验证A、B 、C、D 四个答案的内容是否正确 。很易找出 C 符合图表内容。文章同义法 常在词或短语之间有并列 连词and或or，它们连接的两项内容在含 义上是接近
13、的或递进的，由此可以推测 。反义法 如 hot and cold, give and receive等，或前句为肯定，后句为否定 。总之，词与词间都起着互为线索的作 用。释义法 对文章中的生词用定语（ 从句）、表语甚至于用逗号、破折号等 标点符号引出并加以解释说明。词 义 猜 测 型情景推断法、代词替代法等1）文中找线索或信息词;2) 根据熟悉的词及词义 判断新单词之意； 3）根据上下文判断新词 汇在特定句中确切意思。4. 特别注意熟词新意！做题要领阅读理解基础训练Basic Training-词义猜测型Passage3: Most women in Ghana the educated an
14、d illiterate, the urban and rural, the young and old work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers. Their reputation for economic independence, self- reliance, and hard work is well known and well deserved(应得的，值得的). Q: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “illiterate” A. repeat B. reiterated C. uneducated D. sick 解 释解 释这段文字中讲到加纳这个国家中 的大多数妇女，受过教育的 （ educated）和没有受过教育的 （ illiterate）；住在城市的 （urban ）和住在农村的（rural），年轻的 （young）和年长的（old）正好是一 对对反义词。因此选 C 项。本题答案选C推理判断题：考试重头戏，20 个题中常有6-8个，着重考查学生 归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力
