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1、English for Mechanical Engineering 机械工程专业英语常州工学院机电工程学院徐红丽机械工程专业英语预备知识一、预备知识Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools n机床的主要部件：n床身：是基础件，一般为铸件，有较高的抗压强度，吸振n导轨和溜板箱：保证机床部件的直线运动，其精度极高， 一般为内凹，为了储油。n主轴和轴承：回转精度要求较高，径向跳动、轴向窜动和 角度摆动n变速机构：实现刀具相对工件的正确切削用量。机械、液 压、气动、电动n动力装置：电动机词 汇二、词汇机械工程专业英语machine tool 机床 bed 床身
2、slideway 导轨 spindle 主轴 tailstock 尾座 dovetail 燕尾槽 gib 镶条 guard 防罩 roughing 粗加工 finishing 精加工 surface finish 表面光洁度Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 机械工程专业英语In many cases products from the primary forming processes must undergo further refinements in size and surface finish to meet their design s
3、pecifications. To meet such precise tolerances the removal of small amounts of material is needed. Usually machine tools are used for such operation. 课文分析Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 三、课文分析机械工程专业英语In many cases products from the primary forming processes must undergo further refinements i
4、n size and surface finish to meet their design specifications.课文分析许多情况下，经初步成形加工出来的工件必须在尺寸和表面光洁度方面进一步精加工整，以满足它们的设计要求。 rifainmntn. 精提炼, 精制; 净化; 精美 清扫除, 洗 高尚, 优雅 精致,精细, 精确Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 机械工程专业英语To meet such precise tolerances the removal of small amounts of material is needed.
5、Usually machine tools are used for such operation. 课文分析为了满足精密的公差要求，需要从工件上去掉小量材料。通常机床就是用于实现这种加工的设备。 prisais adj. 精确的, 明确的 ; 清晰的,恰好的; 正当,严格的; 拘泥的, 陈规的Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 机械工程专业英语In the United States material removal is a big businessin excess of $ 36109per year, including material,
6、 labor, overhead, and machine-tool shipments, is spent. Since 60 percent of the mechanical and industrial engineering and technology graduates have something connection with the machining industry either through sale, design, or operation of machine shops, or working in related industry, it is wise
7、for an engineering student to devote some time in his curriculum to studying material removal and machine tools. 课文分析Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 机械工程专业英语In the United States material removal is a big businessin excess of $ 36109per year, including material, labor, overhead, and machine-t
8、ool shipments, is spent.课文分析在美国，材料切削业是一个很大的行业-费用每年超过36109 美元，包括材料，劳动力，杂项开支，机床运输费等所花的费用。 uvhed n. 经常开支, 普通费用 天花板; 船舱的顶板Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 机械工程专业英语Since 60 percent of the mechanical and industrial engineering and technology graduates have something connection with the machining in
9、dustry either through sale, design, or operation of machine shops, or working in related industry, it is wise for an engineering student to devote some time in his curriculum to studying material removal and machine tools.课文分析由于60机械和工业技术工程专业的毕业生做销售、 设计、管理机械工厂、或在相关领域工作，总要和加 工工业打交道，因此，对于工程专业学生来说，在他 的学
10、习计划中安排一段时间去学习研究材料切削和机 床，是非常明智的。 grdjuit n. 毕业生,得学位者Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 机械工程专业英语A machine tool provides the means for cutting tools to shape a workpiece to required dimensions; 课文分析Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools the machine supports the tool and the workpiece in a control
11、led relationship through the functioning of its basic members, which are as follows: 机床通过使用切削刀具使工件成形以达到所要求的尺寸。 机床通过其基础构件的作用，支承相互联系的刀具和工件，现将基本部件列举如下： 机械工程专业英语(a) Bed, Structure or frame. This is the main member which provides a basis for, and a connection between, the spindles and slides; the distort
12、ion and vibration under load must be kept to a minimum. 课文分析Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 这是一个主要部件，该部件为主轴、拖板箱等提供一个基础支撑和中间连接，在负载作用下，它必须能使变形和振动保持最小。 机械工程专业英语Slides and Slideways. The translation of a machine element (e.g. the slide) is normally achieved by straight-line motion under the cons
13、traint of accurate guiding surfaces (the slideway). 课文分析Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 拖板箱和导轨。机床部件（如拖板箱）的移动，通常是在精密的导轨面约束下靠直线运动来实现。 机械工程专业英语(c) Spindles and Bearings. Angular displacements take place about an axis of rotation; the position of this axis must be constant within extremely fine
14、limits in machine tools, and is ensured by the provision of precision spindles and bearings. 课文分析Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 主轴和轴承。角位移是绕一根旋转轴线产生的，在机床中该轴线的位置必须在极其精确的范围内保持不变，是靠高精度的主轴及其轴承来保证。 机械工程专业英语(d) Power Unit. The electric motor is the universally adopted power unit for machine tools.
15、 By suitably positioning individual motors, belt and gear transmissions are reduced to a minimum. 课文分析Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 动力装置。电动机是机床中普遍采用的动力装置。通过对各个电机的合适定位，使皮带和齿轮传动装置减少到最小。 机械工程专业英语(e) Transmission Linkage. Linkage is the general term used to denote the mechanical, hydraulic, pn
16、eumatic or electric mechanisms which connect angular and linear displacements in defined relationship. 课文分析Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 变速机构。变速机构是个通用术语，用来代表机械、液压、气动或电动变速机构的，变速机构保证角位移和线性位移的确定传动比。 机械工程专业英语There are two broad divisions of machining operations: 课文分析Lesson 23 Fundamentals of Machine Tools 机械加工有两个主要的组成
