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1、年号的读法：年号的读法： 1979nineteen seventy-nine / nineteen 1979nineteen seventy-nine / nineteen hundred (and) seventy-nine; hundred (and) seventy-nine; E.g.E.g.：in the 1840s in the 60s读作：in the eighteen forties （十九世纪四十年代） 年代的读法：年代的读法：读作：in the sixties（本世纪六十年代） 指十年（decade），采用 “基数词加上十位数复数” 的 形式来表示，前面与介词 “in” 和
2、定冠词 “the” 搭配。exercise 3exercise 3l钠l钾l磷l氨l聚合物l聚乙烯l氯化物l粘度l烃l催化剂l炼油厂l添加剂sodiumsodiumpotassiumpotassiumphosphorusphosphorusammoniaammoniapolymerpolymerpolyethylenepolyethylenechlorideviscosityhydrocarboncatalystrefineryadditiveUnit 3 Typical Activities of Chemical EngineersChemical engineers and chemis
3、tChemical engineers and chemistWhat is the classical role of the chemical engineer? What are the differences between the work of chemists and that of chemical engineers? What are the relationships between chemical engineers and chemists? Why should chemical engineers work with other engineers?Questi
4、ons： What is the classical role of the chemical engineer?FAQThe classical role of the chemical chemical engineerengineer is to take the discoveries made by the chemist chemist in the laboratory and develop them into money-makingmoney-making, commercial-scalecommercial-scale chemical process.化学工程师的典型
5、职责是接受化学家在实验室中所完成的发现并开发它们成为赚钱的赚钱的，商业规模商业规模的化学过程。 What are the differences between chemical engineers and chemists?FAQ The chemistchemist works in test tubestest tubes and Parr bombsParr bombs with very small quantities of reactants and products, usually running “batch”,“batch”, constant-temperature e
6、xperiments. The chemical engineerschemical engineers typically work with much larger quantities of material and with very large (and expensive) equipment.What are the relationships between chemical engineers and chemists?FAQ The chemical engineerchemical engineer is often involved in “ “scaling upsc
7、aling up” ” a chemistchemist-developed small-scale reactor and separation system to a very large commercial plant The chemical engineer must work closely with the chemistchemistThe chemical engineerchemical engineer must work closely with the chemistchemist in order to understand thoroughly the chem
8、istry involved in the process and to make sure that the chemist gets the reaction kinetic data and the physical property data needed to design, design, operate, and optimize the processoperate, and optimize the process.反应动力学数 据 物理性质数据 设计、操作和优化 过程Why should chemical engineers work with other engineer
9、s?FAQThe chemical engineerchemical engineer must also work closely with mechanicalmechanical, electricalelectrical, civilcivil, and metallurgicalmetallurgical engineers in order to design and operate the physical equipment in a plantthe reactorsreactors, tanks, distillation columnsdistillation colum
10、ns, heat exchangers, pumpspumps, compressors, control and control and instrumentation devicesinstrumentation devices, and so on。机械、电子、土木、冶金等工程师ChemistChemist：vvTest tubes, Parr bombs, small containerTest tubes, Parr bombs, small containervvsmall qualities of reactants and productssmall qualities of
11、reactants and productsvvCatalyst , samplesCatalyst , samplesChemical engineerChemical engineer：vvlarge equipment, distillation columnslarge equipment, distillation columnsvvlarger qualities of materiallarger qualities of materialvvoften involved in “scaling up”often involved in “scaling up”vvWork cl
12、osely with the chemistand other Work closely with the chemistand other engineersengineersWhat are the typical activities of What are the typical activities of chemical engineers?chemical engineers? To commercialize the laboratory chemistry, the chemical engineerchemical engineer is involved in devel
13、opment, design, construction, operation, development, design, construction, operation, sales, and research.sales, and research.Typical activities Typical activities of chemical engineersof chemical engineersdevelopmentdesignconstructionoperationsalesresearch1. developmentnWhat is development?nWhat d
14、o chemical engineers do in this part？nWhy do we need pilot plant in the development?Words and expressionsoreactor oscale-up problem omixing imperfection otemperature gradients omaterials of construction oMeasurement techniques oProcess control strategies 反应器放大问题 搅拌不均匀温度梯度建造物料测量技术工艺过程控制策略1. developme
15、nt Development is the intermediate stepintermediate step required in passing from a laboratory-sizelaboratory-size process to a commercial-sizecommercial-size process. development is usually part of the commercialization of a chemical process because “scale-up” problem is a very difficult oneWhat is
16、 development ?1. development The chemical engineer works with the chemist and a team of other engineers to designdesign, constructconstruct and operateoperate the pilot plant. Once the pilot plant is operational, evaluateevaluate the process from an economic point of viewChemical engineers activities1. development The pilot plant offers the opportunity to evaluate materials of materials of , measurement measurement techniquestechniques, and process cont
