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1、清明节（TOMB-SWEEPING DAY）第五小组制作组员：胡一博 王娟娟邢慧珍 李若 缑宇 清明节提纲：1、来历2、习俗3、诗歌4、歌曲5、视频清明节来历Qing Ming is a time to remember the dead and the dearly departed. More important, it is a period to honour and to pay respect to ones deceased ancestors and family members. Because it reinforces the ethic of filial piety,
2、 Qing Ming is a major Chinese festival.Literally meaning “clear“ (Qing) and “bright“ (Ming), this Chinese festival falls in early spring, on the 106th day after the winter solstice. It is a “spring“ festival, and it is an occasion for the whole family to leave the home and to sweep the graves of the
3、ir forebears. Chinese being practical people this sweeping of the graves is given an extended period, that is, 10 days before and after Qing Ming day. Among some dialect groups a whole month is allocated.清明节是一个纪念祖先的节日。主要 的纪念仪式是扫墓，扫墓是慎终追 远、郭亲睦邻及行孝的具体表现；基 于上述意义，清明节因此成为华人的 重要节日。清明节是在仲春和暮春之交，也就是 冬至后的106
4、天。扫墓活动通常是在清 明节的前十天或后十天。有些地域的 人士的扫墓活动长达一个月。习俗清明节的习俗是丰富有趣的，除 了讲究禁火、扫墓，还有踏青、 荡秋千、踢蹴鞠、打马球、插柳 等一系列风俗体育活动。相传这 是因为寒食节要寒食禁火，为了 防止寒食冷餐伤身，所以大家来 参加一些体育活动，来锻炼身 体。清明节，民间忌使针，忌洗 衣，大部分地区妇女忌行路。傍 晚以前，要在大门前洒一条灰线 ，据说可以阻止鬼魂进宅。 因此 ，这个节日中既有祭扫新坟生离 死别的悲酸泪，又有踏青游玩的 欢笑声，是一个富有特色的节 日。The Qingming Festival customs is rich interes
5、ting, in addition to pay attention to the fire ban, sweep the tombs, and outing, swing, Cuju, playing polo, Liu inserted a series of custom sports. Legend has it that this is because the cold food festival food to ban fire, in order to prevent a cold buffet injury body, so everyone to take part in s
6、ome sports activities, to exercise the body. The Qingming Festival, folk avoid the needle, avoid the laundry, most women avoid area road. The evening before, to put in front of a gray line, it can stop the ghosts into the house. Therefore, both Jisao new grave death beisuan tears this day, and visit
7、 outing laughter, is a rich characteristic holiday.诗歌清明（唐）杜牧清明时节雨纷纷，路上行人欲断魂。借问酒家何处有？牧童遥指杏花村。诗歌译本直译In rainy Qing Ming festival,Pedestrains on the road almost broken soul.Asked a cowboy where is a liquor place,He pointed to the Xinghua Village faraway.延伸译It drizzles endless during the rainy season in
8、spring, Travelers along the road look gloomy and miserable. When I ask a shepherd boy where I can find a tavern, He points at a distant hamlet nestling amidst apricot blossoms.诗歌赏析这首诗描写清明时节的天气特征，抒发了孤身行路 之人的情绪和希望。清明时节，天气多变，有时春光明媚，花红柳绿， 有时却细雨纷纷，绵绵不绝。首句“清明时节雨纷 纷”写出了“泼火雨”的特征（清明前两天是寒日 节，旧俗要禁火三天，这时候下雨称为“泼
9、火雨” ）。次句“路上行人欲断魂”写行路人的心境。“ 断魂”，指内心十分凄迷哀伤而并不外露的感情。 这位行人为何“欲断魂”呢？因为清明在我国古代 是个大节日，照例该家人团聚，一起上坟祭扫，或 踏青游春。现在这位行人孤身一人，在陌生的地方 赶路，心里的滋味已不好受，偏偏又淋了雨，衣衫 全被打湿，心境就更加凄迷纷乱了。如何排遣愁绪呢？行人自然想：最好在附近找个酒 家，一来歇歇脚，避避雨；二来饮点酒，解解寒； 更主要的可借酒驱散心中的愁绪。于是他问路了： “借问酒家何处有？”问谁，没有点明。末句“牧 童遥指杏花村”中的“牧童”二字，既是本句的主 语，又补充说明上句问的对象。牧童的回答以行动 代替语言
10、，行人顺着他手指的方向望去，只见在一 片红杏盛开的树梢，隐隐约约露出了一个酒望子（ 古代酒店的标帜）。诗到这里戛然而止，至于行人 如何闻讯而喜，兴奋地赶上前去，找到酒店饮上几 杯，获得了避雨、解寒、消愁的满足等等，都 留待读者去想象。The weather characteristics of this poem depicts the Qingming Festival, to express the alone road peoples emotion and hope.Ching Ming Festival, the weather is changeable, sometimes br
11、ight spring days, bright red blossoms and green willows, sometimes drizzle, remain unbroken. The first sentence of “Qingming“ write “poured rain of fire“ feature (two days before Qingming is a cold day, old customs to fire three days, then known as “rain poured rain of fire“). The sentence “the pede
12、strian on the road“ written on the persons state of mind. “Death“, refers to the heart is very sad sad and not exposed. The pedestrian why “deep sorrow“? Because the Qingming Festival in ancient China is a big holiday, as usual, the family reunion, with grave Jisao, or outing spring outing. Now the
13、people alone, walking in a strange place, the taste of the heart is not painful, but the rain, the wet clothes, the mood is more chilling chaotic.How to get her? People naturally want to: find the best restaurant in the vicinity, to rest, to avoid the rain; and drink wine, and cold; but the main is
14、to disperse the heart of melancholy. So he asked: “may I ask wineshop where has?“ Asked who, not say. The last sentence “the shepherd boy points at Xinghuacun“ in the “cowboy“ two characters, is the subject of sentence, and added that the object sentence ask. Mu Tongs answer instead of language in a
15、ction, pedestrians along the direction of his fingers looked, and saw a piece of red apricot blossom in the indistinct, revealing a wine tamarind (ancient hotel flag). The poem here cease abruptly, as for pedestrians to quickly and happy, excited to catch up with them, find the hotel a few cups of w
16、ine, the rain, cold drink, solution of satisfaction and so on, are left to the reader to imagine.ORIGIN（起源） Qing Ming is popularly associated with Jie Zi Zhui, who lived in Shanxi province in 600 B.C. Legend has it that Jie saved his starving lords life by serving a piece of his own leg. When the lord succeeded in becoming the ruler of a small principa
