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1、 Fall protection when Fall protection when Working at heightWorking at height 高处作业的坠落防护Falls are the leading cause of deaths in the construction industry. 在 營造工程這個行業裏造成死亡意外最多的就是墜落Most fatalities occur when employees fall from open-sided floors and through floor openings. 大部分的死亡意外都是發生在開放樓層及開口樓 板Falls
2、 from as little as 2m can cause serious lost-time accidents and sometimes death. 即使是由2m高的摔落也都會造成嚴重的失能傷害甚至死亡Open-sided floors and platforms 2m or more in height must be guarded. 開放樓層及工作平台若超過2m高必須要有所防護Falls in Construction營造工程的墜落This presentation will discuss: 我們將討論:The working conditions that prompt
3、use of fall protection 有哪些情況需要防護墜落Options that are available to protect workers from falls 有哪些設備可保護人員防止墜落Fall Protection墜落防護At the end of this topic, you will be able to: 這個課程結束後您將能: List at least four methods of fall protection available for protecting workers 學習最少4種墜落防護方法保護工作人員 State the main crit
4、eria that prompts use of fall protection for construction workers學習幾個主要的情況必須即時的使用墜落防護來保護人員Fall Protection墜落防護Personal Fall Arrest System 人員墜落捕捉系統 (PFAS)Guardrails 護欄Safety Net 安全網Fall Protection Options墜落防護種類Fall protection systems and work practices must be in place before you start work. 開始工作前須事先檢
5、討工作習慣及防護系統Lanyards and PFAS in useFall Protection Planning墜落防護計劃Personal Fall Arrest Systems 人員墜落捕捉系統You must be trained how to properly use PFAS. 你必須接受訓練如何 正確的使用人員墜落捕捉系統PFAS = anchorage, lifeline and body harness.Using Fall Arrest Systems Safely Ensure that personal fall arrest systems will, when s
6、topping a fall: Limit maximum arresting force to 1,800 pounds. Be rigged such that an employee can neither free fall more than 2 meters nor contact any lower level. Bring an employee to a complete stop and limit maximum deceleration distance to 3 feet. Have sufficient strength to withstand twice the
7、 potential impact energy of a worker free falling a distance of 6 feet, or the free fall distance permitted by the system, whichever is less Remove systems and components from service immediately if they have been subjected to fall impact, until inspected by a competent person and deemed undamaged a
8、nd suitable for use. Promptly rescue employees in the event of a fall, or assure that they are able to rescue themselves. Inspect systems before each use for wear, damage, and other deterioration, and remove defective components from service. Do not attach fall arrest systems to guardrail systems or
9、 hoists. Rig fall arrest systems to allow movement of the worker only as far as the edge of the walking/working surface, when used at hoist areas. Using Fall Arrest Systems Safely全身防护性安全带必须高挂低用高挂低用高空作业(Working at high)必须正确使用全身防护 性安全带, 现场规定:超过1.8米为高空作业施工现场基本安全要求 Basic safety requirement on the constr
10、uction siteMust be independent of any platform anchorage and capable of supporting at least 5,000 lbs. per worker 所有安全索的錨固都必須獨立於工作平台上 且必須要能承受5000磅的能力Safety Line Anchorages安全索的錨固Top rails between 39 and 45 inches tall 上護欄的高度應在39到45吋間 Toeboards at least 3 1/2 inches high 踢腳板的高度應在3-1/2吋Top Rail 上護欄Mid-
11、 Rail中護欄Toeboard 踢腳板Guardrails 護欄Place as close as possible, but no more than 30 feet Below where employees work 儘可能的靠近,不可低於30呎Safety Nets 安全網When Fall Protection is Needed 甚麼時候需要墜落防護n Walkways & ramps走道&斜坡 n Open sides & edges開放高層及邊緣 n Holes孔 n Concrete forms & rebar模板及鋼筋 n Excavations開挖n Roofs屋頂 n
12、 Wall openings開放樓層 n Bricklaying砌磚 n Residential Construction工程建築Guard ramps, runways, and other walkways 斜坡 通道 走道Walkways and Ramps 走道及斜坡In residential construction, you must be protected if you can fall more than 2meter 如果工程建築高度超過2m你必須要使用保護Fall Protection - Residential Construction 墜落保護- 工程建築Unpro
13、tected edge沒有保護的邊Unprotected Sides & Edges未設保護的邊緣及角落Unprotected sides and edges must have guardrails or equivalent 開放樓層及牆邊必須設有護欄或其他防護Sides & Edges - Improper Guarding邊緣及角落- 不完整的保護This 1/4“ nylon rope alone is not a proper way to guard this open floor 單獨的一條1/4吋尼龍繩對開放樓層是無法提供保護的This opening could be ma
14、de safe by using a guardrail, or strong cover 這些開孔可以護欄或蓋板保護Holes more than 2m high must be protect 超過2m高(深)的孔必須要有保護Sky Lights and Other Openings天窗及其他開孔 If no cover, can guard with a guardrail 如果沒有蓋板可以護欄替之 Cover completely and securely 蓋板必須完整及牢固Floor Holes 樓板開口Improperly Covered 不完整的保護 Use PFAS when
15、working on formwork or rebar板及綁筋工作必須使用預防墜落捕捉系統 Cover or cap protruding rebar 突出的鋼筋必須遮蓋或使用鋼筋護帽Concrete Forms and Rebar 模板及綁筋Guard excavations more than 2 m deep when they are not readily seen because of plant growth or other visual barriers 2m 深以上的開挖必須要有防護 尤其是當這個開挖遭物件擋住不 易看見時Excavations 開挖In addition
16、 to needing guarding, this excavation is not properly shored這個開挖沒 有適當的斜坡需要加強防護If you work on roofs and can fall more than 2m, you must be protected 如果你在2m以上高度的屋頂工作你必須使用防護裝備Roofs 屋頂If you work near wall openings 2m or more above lower levels you must be protected from falling如果你工作在2m高以上的開放牆邊你必須要有墜落保護Wall openingWall Openings 開放牆邊Good Work Practices
